<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/nlm-dtd/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" specific-use="SMUR" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">WESD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Wind Energy Science Discussions</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">WESD</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2366-7621</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/wes-2026-116</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Effects of atmospheric thermal stratification on wake aerodynamics of a regenerative wind farm unit</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Li</surname>
<given-names>YuanTso</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5929-4908</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Sciacchitano</surname>
<given-names>Andrea</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Yu</surname>
<given-names>Wei</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7829-6129</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Kluyerweg 1, 2629 HS Delft, the Netherlands</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>08</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>56</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 YuanTso Li et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://wes.copernicus.org/preprints/wes-2026-116/">This article is available from https://wes.copernicus.org/preprints/wes-2026-116/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://wes.copernicus.org/preprints/wes-2026-116/wes-2026-116.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://wes.copernicus.org/preprints/wes-2026-116/wes-2026-116.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>The effects of atmospheric thermal stratification on the wake aerodynamics of an isolated unit of a regenerative wind farm unit (RGWF), referred to as a multi-rotor system with lifting device (MRSL), are investigated using precursor-based large-eddy simulations. MRSL is a wind-energy harvesting system designed to realize the concept of RGWF. The core principle of RGWF is to generate large-scale streamwise vortices that enhance the vertical entrainment of kinetic energy, thereby promoting wake recovery and mitigating wake-induced power losses in wind farms. The effectiveness of the RGWF concept has previously been demonstrated under simplified inflow conditions. The present work extends the assessment to realistic atmospheric boundary layers with different thermal stratifications. The results show that, although atmospheric thermal stratification modifies wake dynamics, the beneficial effects of the RGWF concept remain significant under convective (CBL), neutral (NBL), and stable (SBL) atmospheric boundary-layer conditions. In particular, MRSL&apos;s wakes recover substantially faster than those of conventional counterparts (i.e., those without lifting devices) across all investigated conditions, further supporting the potential of this technology.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="56"/></counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body/>
<back>
</back>
</article>