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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">WESD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Wind Energy Science Discussions</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">WESD</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2366-7621</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/wes-2026-124</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>OptiWindNet RouteSets: a solver-diverse benchmark dataset for the offshore wind-farm cable routing problem</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Souza de Alencar</surname>
<given-names>Mauricio</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5923-5619</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Göçmen</surname>
<given-names>Tuhfe</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2510-0388</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Cutululis</surname>
<given-names>Nicolaos A.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2438-1429</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>DTU Wind and Energy Systems, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>28</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>13</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Mauricio Souza de Alencar et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://wes.copernicus.org/preprints/wes-2026-124/">This article is available from https://wes.copernicus.org/preprints/wes-2026-124/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://wes.copernicus.org/preprints/wes-2026-124/wes-2026-124.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://wes.copernicus.org/preprints/wes-2026-124/wes-2026-124.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Offshore wind-farm collection-system design is a cost-relevant combinatorial optimization problem whose difficulty grows exponentially with turbine count. This paper introduces &lt;strong&gt;OptiWindNet RouteSets&lt;/strong&gt;, a database of cable-routing solutions to 13954 distinct problem instances based on built, proposed, and procedurally-generated farm layouts. The database is intended as an open benchmark for routing algorithms, a source of hard instances, a strong baseline for reinforcement-learning solvers, and a training corpus for supervised-learning models for the Wind Farm Cable-Routing Problem.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The solutions were produced using the &lt;em&gt;optiwindnet&lt;/em&gt; Python package with three solvers: exact mathematical optimization and two meta-heuristics (inexact) &amp;ndash; hybrid genetic search (HGS) and Lin&amp;ndash;Kernighan&amp;ndash;Helsgaun (LKH). Two network topologies are covered: radial (path-based) or branched (tree-based). Each solution contains the feasible network and its metadata (solver used, cable capacity, method configuration, route length, detour overhead, solver runtime, and, for exact runs, a proven optimality gap). The problem instances vary in: number of wind turbines (&amp;isin; [50, 200]), maximum cable capacity (&amp;isin; [2, 12]), and location geometry. For 63% of the problem instances, a solution with &amp;lt;1% gap is available (and 79% with &amp;lt;2% gap).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We analyze: (a) the total length of meta-heuristic solutions compared to their exact counterparts &amp;ndash; HGS median increase is 0.0%, while LKH is 0.6%; (b) the instance difficulty as a function of capacity and turbine count &amp;ndash; those two variables interact, the difficulty increases monotonically with count, but exhibits a count-dependent peak across capacities; (c) the length reduction of branched topology compared to radial &amp;ndash; 0.34% median; (d) the detour-caused increase in length over the solver-optimized objective &amp;ndash; 0.16% median.</p>
</abstract>
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<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond</funding-source>
<award-id>1127-00188B</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
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