the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
The impact of a forest parametrization on coupled WRF-CFD simulations during the passage of a cold front over the WINSENT test-site
Abstract. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model has been coupled with a URANS Model to simulate the passage of a cold front over the WINSENT site, a wind energy test-site under development. It is located on a hill near a steep, forested terrain edge. A high spatial resolution is necessary to simulate the flow over this complex site accurately for which reason the WRF model is run at high resolution in LES mode coupled to a URANS model with an even higher resolution. A forest parametrization is implemented in both models to account for the drag caused by the trees. The main result is that the WRF model without forest parametrization overestimates the wind speed in the lowest 100 m above ground on average by about 3 ms−1. Introducing the forest parametrization reduces the bias considerably, but overcompensates the error at 45 m above ground, leading to a small negative bias. The URANS model further improves the flow simulation and provides a nearly bias free simulation compared to observation. Observations are taken with a 100-m high met-mast at five different levels. In addition, wind measurements taken with an Unmanned Aircraft System provide data along a cross-section that intersects the terrain edge.
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- RC1: 'Poor description of the model-chain set-up and lack of systematic verification', Javier Sanz Rodrigo, 18 Oct 2019
- RC2: 'Relevant study held back by inadequate descriptions of methodology and insufficient quantative validation', Bjarke Tobias Olsen, 24 Oct 2019
- RC3: 'Improvement of model validation and error analysis required', Anonymous Referee #3, 04 Nov 2019
- AC1: 'Answer to Reviewer 1', Daniel Leukauf, 13 Dec 2019
- AC2: 'Answer to Reviewer 2', Daniel Leukauf, 13 Dec 2019
- AC3: 'Answer to Reviewer 3', Daniel Leukauf, 13 Dec 2019
- RC1: 'Poor description of the model-chain set-up and lack of systematic verification', Javier Sanz Rodrigo, 18 Oct 2019
- RC2: 'Relevant study held back by inadequate descriptions of methodology and insufficient quantative validation', Bjarke Tobias Olsen, 24 Oct 2019
- RC3: 'Improvement of model validation and error analysis required', Anonymous Referee #3, 04 Nov 2019
- AC1: 'Answer to Reviewer 1', Daniel Leukauf, 13 Dec 2019
- AC2: 'Answer to Reviewer 2', Daniel Leukauf, 13 Dec 2019
- AC3: 'Answer to Reviewer 3', Daniel Leukauf, 13 Dec 2019
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Cited
3 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The Performance of GRAMM-SCI and WRF in Simulating the Surface-Energy Budget and Thermally Driven Winds in an Alpine Valley G. Simonet et al. 10.1007/s10546-023-00835-9
- Improving Wind Speed Forecasting for Urban Air Mobility Using Coupled Simulations M. Chrit et al. 10.1155/2022/2629432
- Recent developments in high-resolution wind field modeling in complex terrain for dispersion simulations using GRAMM-SCI D. Oettl & R. Reifeltshammer 10.1007/s11869-023-01403-3