Wind Energy Science
Wind Energy Science
WES
Articles | Volume 11, issue 6
Articles | Volume 11, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-2157-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-2157-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 11, issue 6
Research article
 | 
18 Jun 2026
Research article |  | 18 Jun 2026

Wind profiles and low-level jet structures over the coastal waters of Japan

Kazutaka Goto, Takanori Uchida, and Keisuke Nakao

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Short summary
This study investigated coastal wind conditions in Japan using year-long light detection and ranging observations from onshore and offshore sites, 1.6 km apart. The wind speed profiles differed significantly. Low-level jets (LLJs) occurred more frequently in specific seasons and wind directions, and their timing varied with direction. These findings indicate a strong link between land and sea breeze circulation and LLJ formation and demonstrate the need for further Japan-specific evaluations.
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