Articles | Volume 7, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-903-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-903-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Review article
| 
19 Apr 2022
Review article |
| 19 Apr 2022
| 19 Apr 2022
Floating wind turbines: marine operations challenges and opportunities
Rahul Chitteth Ramachandran
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
MaREI Centre, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
Cian Desmond
Gavin and Doherty Geosolutions Ltd., Dublin, Ireland
Frances Judge
MaREI Centre, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
Jorrit-Jan Serraris
Maritime Research Institute Netherlands, Wageningen, the Netherlands
Jimmy Murphy
MaREI Centre, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Total article views: 7,533 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
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Cited
35 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Installation planning for an offshore wind farm: a hybrid modelling framework of integrating simulation and optimisation with a Markov Chain K. Bae & H. Ko 10.1080/17477778.2022.2163933
- Floating Vertical Axis Wind Turbines for offshore applications among potentialities and challenges: A review A. Ghigo et al. 10.1016/j.rser.2024.114302
- Photonics in offshore wind energy system development: A systematic review A. Mohanty et al. 10.1016/j.rineng.2024.103409
- Efficient Project Planning for Floating Offshore Wind Farm Development S. Sobashima et al. 10.1115/1.4068445
- An analysis of floating wind turbine towing operations using OpenFAST R. Ramachandran et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2875/1/012035
- Bio-inspired design trends for sustainable energy structures Y. Regassa et al. 10.1088/1757-899X/1294/1/012044
- Modelling the installation of next generation floating offshore wind farms F. Devoy McAuliffe et al. 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.124001
- Towing Analysis and Validation of a Fully Assembled Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Based on an Experimental Study R. Ramachandran et al. 10.3390/jmse12040689
- Control Co-Design of Wind Turbines L. Pao et al. 10.1146/annurev-control-061423-101708
- Dynamic Power Cable Layout Design for 15MW Floating Offshore Wind Turbines: Part 1 - Configuration Analysis and Optimization D. Kwon et al. 10.26748/KSOE.2025.014
- Evaluation of SAR-Based Sea State Parameters and Roughness Length Derivation Over the Coastal Seas of the USA A. Owda et al. 10.1109/JSTARS.2024.3393862
- Floater Assembly and Turbine Integration Strategy for Floating Offshore Wind Energy: Considerations and Recommendations G. Ivanov & K. Ma 10.3390/wind4040019
- Evaluation of the positioning capability of a novel concept design of dynamic positioning-assisted mooring systems for floating offshore wind turbines D. Qiao et al. 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.117286
- Dynamic Analysis of Crane Vessel and Floating Wind Turbine during Temporary Berthing for Offshore On-Site Maintenance Operations J. Shi et al. 10.3390/jmse12081393
- Inspection of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines Using Multi-Rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Literature Review and Trends K. Zhang et al. 10.3390/s24030911
- Dynamic analysis of an improved shared moorings for floating offshore wind farm L. Xie et al. 10.1016/j.renene.2024.120963
- Global sensitivity analysis of a semi-submersible floating wind turbine using a neural network fitting method Y. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.115351
- Scale model and ship simulator towing of the IEA 15 MW wind turbine on the UMaine VolturnUS-S platform A. Roberts et al. 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.121732
- Offshore CO2 Capture and Utilization Using Floating Wind/PV Systems: Site Assessment and Efficiency Analysis in the Mediterranean D. Keller et al. 10.3390/en15238873
- 10 MW FOWT Semi-Submersible Multi-Objective Optimization: A Comparative Study of PSO, SA, and ACO S. Drabo et al. 10.3390/en17235914
- Experimental comparison of a dual-spar floating wind farm with shared mooring against a single floating wind turbine under wave conditions T. Lopez-Olocco et al. 10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.116475
- Technical and economic challenges for floating offshore wind deployment in Italy and in the Mediterranean Sea L. Serri et al. 10.1002/wene.533
- The Beddoes-Leishman dynamic stall model: Critical aspects in implementation and calibration P. Melani et al. 10.1016/j.rser.2024.114677
- Benefits and Challenges of California Offshore Wind Electricity: An Updated Assessment A. Rose et al. 10.3390/en18010118
- Fuzzy-Set QCA on Performance and Sustainability Determinants of Ports Supporting Floating Offshore Wind Farms V. Caldeirinha et al. 10.3390/su16072947
- The Role of Fully Coupled Computational Fluid Dynamics for Floating Wind Applications: A Review H. Darling & D. Schmidt 10.3390/en17194836
- The potential role of airborne and floating wind in the North Sea region H. Vos et al. 10.1088/2753-3751/ad3fbc
- Modeling and vortex-induced vibrations of semi-submersible floating offshore wind turbines D. Gong et al. 10.1016/j.ymssp.2024.111667
- The surrogate model for short-term extreme response prediction based on ANN and Kriging algorithm G. Zhao et al. 10.1016/j.apor.2024.104196
- Mitigation of assembly constraints for floating offshore wind turbines using discrete event simulation B. Smith et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2626/1/012044
- A study of the towing characteristics of a semi-submersible floating offshore wind platform R. Ramachandran et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2626/1/012043
- Weather window analysis for the deployment, operation, and maintenance of marine renewable energy devices in Irish coastal waters D. Moore et al. 10.1007/s40722-024-00340-2
- Enhancing floating offshore wind turbine systems through multi-scale coupled modeling S. Evro et al. 10.1016/j.seta.2025.104299
- Unmoored: a free-floating wind turbine invention and autonomous open-ocean wind farm concept J. Raisanen et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2362/1/012032
- Marco normativo sobre los parques eólicos marinos en España A. Leiva López 10.71296/raap.13
31 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Installation planning for an offshore wind farm: a hybrid modelling framework of integrating simulation and optimisation with a Markov Chain K. Bae & H. Ko 10.1080/17477778.2022.2163933
- Floating Vertical Axis Wind Turbines for offshore applications among potentialities and challenges: A review A. Ghigo et al. 10.1016/j.rser.2024.114302
- Photonics in offshore wind energy system development: A systematic review A. Mohanty et al. 10.1016/j.rineng.2024.103409
- Efficient Project Planning for Floating Offshore Wind Farm Development S. Sobashima et al. 10.1115/1.4068445
- An analysis of floating wind turbine towing operations using OpenFAST R. Ramachandran et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2875/1/012035
- Bio-inspired design trends for sustainable energy structures Y. Regassa et al. 10.1088/1757-899X/1294/1/012044
- Modelling the installation of next generation floating offshore wind farms F. Devoy McAuliffe et al. 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.124001
- Towing Analysis and Validation of a Fully Assembled Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Based on an Experimental Study R. Ramachandran et al. 10.3390/jmse12040689
- Control Co-Design of Wind Turbines L. Pao et al. 10.1146/annurev-control-061423-101708
- Dynamic Power Cable Layout Design for 15MW Floating Offshore Wind Turbines: Part 1 - Configuration Analysis and Optimization D. Kwon et al. 10.26748/KSOE.2025.014
- Evaluation of SAR-Based Sea State Parameters and Roughness Length Derivation Over the Coastal Seas of the USA A. Owda et al. 10.1109/JSTARS.2024.3393862
- Floater Assembly and Turbine Integration Strategy for Floating Offshore Wind Energy: Considerations and Recommendations G. Ivanov & K. Ma 10.3390/wind4040019
- Evaluation of the positioning capability of a novel concept design of dynamic positioning-assisted mooring systems for floating offshore wind turbines D. Qiao et al. 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.117286
- Dynamic Analysis of Crane Vessel and Floating Wind Turbine during Temporary Berthing for Offshore On-Site Maintenance Operations J. Shi et al. 10.3390/jmse12081393
- Inspection of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines Using Multi-Rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Literature Review and Trends K. Zhang et al. 10.3390/s24030911
- Dynamic analysis of an improved shared moorings for floating offshore wind farm L. Xie et al. 10.1016/j.renene.2024.120963
- Global sensitivity analysis of a semi-submersible floating wind turbine using a neural network fitting method Y. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.115351
- Scale model and ship simulator towing of the IEA 15 MW wind turbine on the UMaine VolturnUS-S platform A. Roberts et al. 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.121732
- Offshore CO2 Capture and Utilization Using Floating Wind/PV Systems: Site Assessment and Efficiency Analysis in the Mediterranean D. Keller et al. 10.3390/en15238873
- 10 MW FOWT Semi-Submersible Multi-Objective Optimization: A Comparative Study of PSO, SA, and ACO S. Drabo et al. 10.3390/en17235914
- Experimental comparison of a dual-spar floating wind farm with shared mooring against a single floating wind turbine under wave conditions T. Lopez-Olocco et al. 10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.116475
- Technical and economic challenges for floating offshore wind deployment in Italy and in the Mediterranean Sea L. Serri et al. 10.1002/wene.533
- The Beddoes-Leishman dynamic stall model: Critical aspects in implementation and calibration P. Melani et al. 10.1016/j.rser.2024.114677
- Benefits and Challenges of California Offshore Wind Electricity: An Updated Assessment A. Rose et al. 10.3390/en18010118
- Fuzzy-Set QCA on Performance and Sustainability Determinants of Ports Supporting Floating Offshore Wind Farms V. Caldeirinha et al. 10.3390/su16072947
- The Role of Fully Coupled Computational Fluid Dynamics for Floating Wind Applications: A Review H. Darling & D. Schmidt 10.3390/en17194836
- The potential role of airborne and floating wind in the North Sea region H. Vos et al. 10.1088/2753-3751/ad3fbc
- Modeling and vortex-induced vibrations of semi-submersible floating offshore wind turbines D. Gong et al. 10.1016/j.ymssp.2024.111667
- The surrogate model for short-term extreme response prediction based on ANN and Kriging algorithm G. Zhao et al. 10.1016/j.apor.2024.104196
- Mitigation of assembly constraints for floating offshore wind turbines using discrete event simulation B. Smith et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2626/1/012044
- A study of the towing characteristics of a semi-submersible floating offshore wind platform R. Ramachandran et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2626/1/012043
4 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Weather window analysis for the deployment, operation, and maintenance of marine renewable energy devices in Irish coastal waters D. Moore et al. 10.1007/s40722-024-00340-2
- Enhancing floating offshore wind turbine systems through multi-scale coupled modeling S. Evro et al. 10.1016/j.seta.2025.104299
- Unmoored: a free-floating wind turbine invention and autonomous open-ocean wind farm concept J. Raisanen et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2362/1/012032
- Marco normativo sobre los parques eólicos marinos en España A. Leiva López 10.71296/raap.13
Latest update: 08 Aug 2025
Short summary
Marine operations represent a significant proportion of costs involved in the installation, operation, maintenance and decommissioning phases of a floating wind farm. The floating-wind industry is reaching array-scale deployments, and it is very important to optimize the various marine operations involved in each of these phases. This paper analyses the various challenges in the path and opportunities for encountering them by the transfer of technical know-how from similar offshore sectors.
Marine operations represent a significant proportion of costs involved in the installation,...
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