Status: this preprint is currently under review for the journal WES.
Analytical yaw models: a two-dimensional comparison
Craig Thompson,Kevin Gouder,and J. Michael Graham
Abstract. Analytical wake models are essential for wind farm design and control. However, they often lack validation beyond scale data. This study compares six, two-dimensional yawed wake models which include single-Gaussian, super-Gaussian, lifting line, and vortex sheet methods. An additional double-Gaussian model is also proposed. All models are calibrated and tested against three datasets: near-wake and far-wake PIV measurements, as well as full-scale turbine data. The proposed double-Gaussian model achieves the lowest mean absolute error (2.6 %) across all datasets. However, all models struggle to predict the full-scale dataset under yawed conditions, emphasising the necessity for validating models against a wide range of turbine operating conditions.
Received: 22 Oct 2025 – Discussion started: 05 Nov 2025
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We compared six analytical models of wind turbine wakes when turbines are intentionally misaligned with the incoming wind. This included a new double-Gaussian model, tested against both wind tunnel and full-scale experiments. While some models performed well at small scales, none accurately reproduced the full-scale turbine behaviour, highlighting the need for improved model validation.
We compared six analytical models of wind turbine wakes when turbines are intentionally...
