Wind Energy Science
Wind Energy Science
WES
Articles | Volume 10, issue 5
Articles | Volume 10, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-887-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-887-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 10, issue 5
Research article
 | 
07 May 2025
Research article |  | 07 May 2025

An analytical formulation for turbulence kinetic energy added by wind turbines based on large-eddy simulation

Ali Khanjari, Asim Feroz, and Cristina L. Archer

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Short summary
Wind turbines add turbulence to the atmosphere behind them, especially 4–6 diameters downstream and near the rotor top. We propose an equation that predicts the distribution of added turbulence as a function of a turbine parameter (thrust coefficient) and an atmospheric parameter (undisturbed turbulence intensity before the turbine). We find that our equation performs well, although not perfectly. Ultimately this equation can be used to better understand how wind turbines affect the atmosphere.
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