Articles | Volume 10, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-887-2025
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-887-2025
Research article
 | 
07 May 2025
Research article |  | 07 May 2025

An analytical formulation for turbulence kinetic energy added by wind turbines based on large-eddy simulation

Ali Khanjari, Asim Feroz, and Cristina L. Archer

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Cited articles

Abkar, M. and Porté-Agel, F.: A new wind-farm parameterization for large-scale atmospheric models, J. Renew. Sustain. Ener., 7, 013121, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4907600, 2015. a
Ainslie, J. F.: Calculating the flowfield in the wake of wind turbines, J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 27, 213–224, https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(88)90037-2, 1988. a, b
Ainslie, J. F., Hassan, U., Parkinson, H. G., and Taylor, G. J.: A wind tunnel investigation of the wake structure within small wind turbine farms, Wind Engineering 14, 24–31, http://www.jstor.org/stable/43749410 (last access: 29 April 2025), 1990. a
Aju, E. J., Suresh, D. B., and Jin, Y.: The influence of winglet pitching on the performance of a model wind turbine: Aerodynamic loads, rotating speed, and wake statistics, Energies, 13, 5199, https://doi.org/10.3390/en13195199, 2020. a, b, c, d
Archer, C., Vasel-Be-Hagh, A., Yan, C., Wu, S., Pan, Y., Brodie, J., and Maguire, A.: Review and evaluation of wake loss models for wind energy applications, Appl. Energ., 226, 1187–1207, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.05.085, 2018. a, b, c
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Short summary
Wind turbines add turbulence to the atmosphere behind them, especially 4–6 diameters downstream and near the rotor top. We propose an equation that predicts the distribution of added turbulence as a function of a turbine parameter (thrust coefficient) and an atmospheric parameter (undisturbed turbulence intensity before the turbine). We find that our equation performs well, although not perfectly. Ultimately this equation can be used to better understand how wind turbines affect the atmosphere.
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