Wind Energy Science
Wind Energy Science
WES
Articles | Volume 11, issue 7
Articles | Volume 11, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-2695-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-2695-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 11, issue 7
Research article
 | 
28 Jul 2026
Research article |  | 28 Jul 2026

A numerical study of the influence of terrain on wakes, blockage, wind farm efficiency, and turbine efficiency

James Bleeg and Christiane Montavon

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Short summary
Numerical simulations of 35 different combinations of terrain, wind farm layout, and atmospheric conditions indicate that terrain (i.e., ground elevation variation) can significantly influence wind farm flows and in turn energy extraction efficiency. An analysis of the simulation results identifies the main drivers behind these terrain effects. These influences should be accounted for when estimating the energy yield of a planned wind farm – at least for wind farms similar to those in this study.
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