Wind Energy Science
Wind Energy Science
WES
Articles | Volume 11, issue 9
Articles | Volume 11, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-3193-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-3193-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 11, issue 9
Research article
 | 
03 Sep 2026
Research article |  | 03 Sep 2026

Load application in wind turbine blades modelled as reduced-order multibody structures in the floating frame of reference formulation

Ana Margarida Antunes, Andreas Zwölfer, David Robert Verelst, Riccardo Riva, Philipp Ulrich Haselbach, and Taeseong Kim

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Latest update: 24 Sep 2026
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Short summary
This study addresses the challenges of applying aerodynamic loads to a multibody reduced-order model based on solid finite elements. This model differs from the beam models typically used in wind turbine aeroelastic simulations by relying on a higher-fidelity finite element model. The results show that the proposed load application methodology produces accurate structural responses, while also identifying best practices for this process.
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