Articles | Volume 11, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-983-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
The lattice Boltzmann method for wind farm simulations: a review
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- Final revised paper (published on 26 Mar 2026)
- Supplement to the final revised paper
- Preprint (discussion started on 17 Sep 2025)
Interactive discussion
Status: closed
Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor
| : Report abuse
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RC1: 'Comment on wes-2025-166', Anonymous Referee #1, 08 Oct 2025
- AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Henry Korb, 12 Dec 2025
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RC2: 'Comment on wes-2025-166', Anonymous Referee #2, 29 Oct 2025
- AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Henry Korb, 12 Dec 2025
Peer review completion
AR – Author's response | RR – Referee report | ED – Editor decision | EF – Editorial file upload
AR by Henry Korb on behalf of the Authors (12 Dec 2025)
Author's response
Author's tracked changes
Manuscript
ED: Publish as is (06 Jan 2026) by Claudia Brunner
ED: Publish as is (06 Jan 2026) by Julia Gottschall (Chief editor)
AR by Henry Korb on behalf of the Authors (12 Feb 2026)
The paper gives a review on the usage of the lattice Boltzmann method in wind farm simulation. Instead of presenting data, the various aspects of wind farm simulation, large scale LES, boundary layer functions, actuator line-models, stratified atmospheric boundary layers are discussed in textual form. Actual data is only shown for performance with different GPUs.
I belief that the paper fulfills the standards of this forum and can be published with minor revisions, albeit more quantitative discussion based on detailed data would certainly be preferable. The discussions also appear to be skewed towards a specific lattice Boltzmann model and it is not entirely clear whether this is due to the popularity of the cumulant model in the wind engineering field in general or the popularity of that models with the authors in particular.
Some specific points listed below require some attention:
l. 82: “paragraph follows the excellent description by Kruger et al.”, not saying Kruger is not excellent but scientific publications profit from avoiding judgements of this kind.
Line 141 mention Strang splitting and/or integration along characteristics to explain 2nd order convergence.
l. 144 “First, each velocity set leads to a speed of sound” how does the velocity set lead to a speed of sound?
l. 210 depending on the geometry of the boundary, the system of equations might either be over- or under-specified.
l.219 bounce forward only works for straight boundaries
l. 239 sponge layers do not primarily dampen waves. They eliminate eddies that would CAUSE waves when they interact with pressure boundary conditions. Non-reflective BCs are not an alternative to sponge layers or vice versa as both act on different problems.
2.2 Simulating wind turbines and farms in the LBM -> confusing-> Simulating wind turbines and wind farms in the LBM
l. 660: why does the simulation of urban flows reduce the need for wall models?
l.739 method method
l. 893: actuator disk has not yet been applied: An actuator disk was used in the Ph.D. thesis of Schoenherr for a ship propeller.