Articles | Volume 3, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-3-243-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-3-243-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
14 May 2018
Research article |
| 14 May 2018
| 14 May 2018
A simulation study demonstrating the importance of large-scale trailing vortices in wake steering
National Wind Technology Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
Jennifer Annoni
National Wind Technology Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
Matthew Churchfield
National Wind Technology Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
Luis A. Martinez-Tossas
National Wind Technology Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
Kenny Gruchalla
National Wind Technology Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
Michael Lawson
National Wind Technology Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
Patrick Moriarty
National Wind Technology Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, USA
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Cited
67 citations as recorded by crossref.
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- Real-time optimization of wind farms using modifier adaptation and machine learning L. Andersson & L. Imsland 10.5194/wes-5-885-2020
- Vertical wake deflection for floating wind turbines by differential ballast control E. Nanos et al. 10.5194/wes-7-1641-2022
- Parametric study of the effectiveness of active yaw control based on large eddy simulation D. Wei et al. 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.113751
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- Blind test comparison on the wake behind a yawed wind turbine F. Mühle et al. 10.5194/wes-3-883-2018
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- Aerodynamic characterization of two tandem wind turbines under yaw misalignment control using actuator line model Y. Tu et al. 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.114992
- Optimal yaw strategy for optimized power and load in various wake situations A. Urbán et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/1102/1/012019
- Design and analysis of a wake steering controller with wind direction variability E. Simley et al. 10.5194/wes-5-451-2020
- Influence of Wake Model Superposition and Secondary Steering on Model-Based Wake Steering Control with SCADA Data Assimilation M. Howland & J. Dabiri 10.3390/en14010052
- Power increases using wind direction spatial filtering for wind farm control: Evaluation using FLORIS, modified for dynamic settings M. Sinner et al. 10.1063/5.0039899
- Exploring the complexities associated with full-scale wind plant wake mitigation control experiments J. Duncan Jr. et al. 10.5194/wes-5-469-2020
- Optimizing wind farm control through wake steering using surrogate models based on high-fidelity simulations P. Hulsman et al. 10.5194/wes-5-309-2020
- A yawed wake model to predict the velocity distribution of curled wake cross-section for wind turbines Q. Yang et al. 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.116911
- Parametric dependencies of the yawed wind‐turbine wake development E. Kleusberg et al. 10.1002/we.2395
- Wind tunnel experiments on wind turbine wakes in yaw: effects of inflow turbulence and shear J. Bartl et al. 10.5194/wes-3-329-2018
- Continued results from a field campaign of wake steering applied at a commercial wind farm – Part 2 P. Fleming et al. 10.5194/wes-5-945-2020
- Review of wake management techniques for wind turbines D. Houck 10.1002/we.2668
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- Further calibration and validation of FLORIS with wind tunnel data F. Campagnolo et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2265/2/022019
- Evaluation of the potential for wake steering for U.S. land-based wind power plants D. Bensason et al. 10.1063/5.0039325
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- A review of physical and numerical modeling techniques for horizontal-axis wind turbine wakes M. Amiri et al. 10.1016/j.rser.2024.114279
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- Assessment of yaw-control effects on wind turbine-wake interaction: A coupled unsteady vortex lattice method and curled wake model analysis W. Han et al. 10.1016/j.jweia.2023.105559
- Influence of atmospheric stability on wind farm performance in complex terrain W. Radünz et al. 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.116149
- Experimental results of wake steering using fixed angles P. Fleming et al. 10.5194/wes-6-1521-2021
- Development of a curled wake of a yawed wind turbine under turbulent and sheared inflow P. Hulsman et al. 10.5194/wes-7-237-2022
- An adaptation of the super-Gaussian wake model for yawed wind turbines F. Blondel et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/1618/6/062031
- Modelling the induction, thrust and power of a yaw-misaligned actuator disk K. Heck et al. 10.1017/jfm.2023.129
- The aerodynamics of the curled wake: a simplified model in view of flow control L. Martínez-Tossas et al. 10.5194/wes-4-127-2019
- Near-wake structure of full-scale vertical-axis wind turbines N. Wei et al. 10.1017/jfm.2020.578
- Machine learning enables national assessment of wind plant controls with implications for land use D. Harrison‐Atlas et al. 10.1002/we.2689
- A physically interpretable data-driven surrogate model for wake steering B. Sengers et al. 10.5194/wes-7-1455-2022
- Results from a wake-steering experiment at a commercial wind plant: investigating the wind speed dependence of wake-steering performance E. Simley et al. 10.5194/wes-6-1427-2021
- Influence of atmospheric conditions on the power production of utility-scale wind turbines in yaw misalignment M. Howland et al. 10.1063/5.0023746
- Grand challenges in the science of wind energy P. Veers et al. 10.1126/science.aau2027
- A low-fidelity dynamic wind farm model for simulating time-varying wind conditions and floating platform motion A. Kheirabadi & R. Nagamune 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2021.109313
- Power Maximization and Fatigue-Load Mitigation in a Wind-turbine Array by Active Yaw Control: an LES Study M. Lin & F. Porté-Agel 10.1088/1742-6596/1618/4/042036
- Analytical model for the power–yaw sensitivity of wind turbines operating in full wake J. Liew et al. 10.5194/wes-5-427-2020
- Wind farm power optimization through wake steering M. Howland et al. 10.1073/pnas.1903680116
- Dynamic wind farm flow control using free-vortex wake models M. van den Broek et al. 10.5194/wes-9-721-2024
- Analytical solutions for yawed wind-turbine wakes with application to wind-farm power optimization by active yaw control Z. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.117691
- Analysis of control-oriented wake modeling tools using lidar field results J. Annoni et al. 10.5194/wes-3-819-2018
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- Wind tunnel tests for wind turbines: A state-of-the-art review R. He et al. 10.1016/j.rser.2022.112675
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- Blade planform design optimization to enhance turbine wake control J. Allen et al. 10.1002/we.2699
- Toward flow control: An assessment of the curled wake model in the FLORIS framework C. Bay et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/1618/2/022033
- Real-time relocation of floating offshore wind turbine platforms for wind farm efficiency maximization: An assessment of feasibility and steady-state potential A. Kheirabadi & R. Nagamune 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.107445
- Field Validation of Wake Steering Control with Wind Direction Variability E. Simley et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/1452/1/012012
- Wind farm power optimization via yaw angle control: A wind tunnel study M. Bastankhah & F. Porté-Agel 10.1063/1.5077038
- Optimal closed-loop wake steering – Part 1: Conventionally neutral atmospheric boundary layer conditions M. Howland et al. 10.5194/wes-5-1315-2020
- Asymmetries and similarities of yawed rotor wakes X. Xiong et al. 10.1063/5.0106745
- Wind-Turbine and Wind-Farm Flows: A Review F. Porté-Agel et al. 10.1007/s10546-019-00473-0
- Wake steering of multirotor wind turbines G. Speakman et al. 10.1002/we.2633
- A quantitative review of wind farm control with the objective of wind farm power maximization A. Kheirabadi & R. Nagamune 10.1016/j.jweia.2019.06.015
- A new method to characterize the curled wake shape under yaw misalignment B. Sengers et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/1618/6/062050
- Modelling Yawed Wind Turbine Wakes: Extension of a Gaussian-Based Wake Model D. Wei et al. 10.3390/en14154494
- Wake asymmetry of yaw state wind turbines induced by interference with wind towers K. Shibuya & T. Uchida 10.1016/j.energy.2023.128091
- Platform Oscillation Reduction of a Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Y. Niu & R. Nagamune 10.1016/j.ifacol.2023.12.025
- Wind farm flow control: prospects and challenges J. Meyers et al. 10.5194/wes-7-2271-2022
67 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Sensitivity analysis of wake steering optimisation for wind farm power maximisation F. Gori et al. 10.5194/wes-8-1425-2023
- Sensitivity and Uncertainty of the FLORIS Model Applied on the Lillgrund Wind Farm M. van Beek et al. 10.3390/en14051293
- How realistic are the wakes of scaled wind turbine models? C. Wang et al. 10.5194/wes-6-961-2021
- Large-eddy simulation of a wind-turbine array subjected to active yaw control M. Lin & F. Porté-Agel 10.5194/wes-7-2215-2022
- Real-time optimization of wind farms using modifier adaptation and machine learning L. Andersson & L. Imsland 10.5194/wes-5-885-2020
- Vertical wake deflection for floating wind turbines by differential ballast control E. Nanos et al. 10.5194/wes-7-1641-2022
- Parametric study of the effectiveness of active yaw control based on large eddy simulation D. Wei et al. 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.113751
- Artificial intelligence-aided wind plant optimization for nationwide evaluation of land use and economic benefits of wake steering D. Harrison-Atlas et al. 10.1038/s41560-024-01516-8
- Blind test comparison on the wake behind a yawed wind turbine F. Mühle et al. 10.5194/wes-3-883-2018
- Power Production and Blade Fatigue of a Wind Turbine Array Subjected to Active Yaw Control M. Lin & F. Porté-Agel 10.3390/en16062542
- Aerodynamic characterization of two tandem wind turbines under yaw misalignment control using actuator line model Y. Tu et al. 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.114992
- Optimal yaw strategy for optimized power and load in various wake situations A. Urbán et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/1102/1/012019
- Design and analysis of a wake steering controller with wind direction variability E. Simley et al. 10.5194/wes-5-451-2020
- Influence of Wake Model Superposition and Secondary Steering on Model-Based Wake Steering Control with SCADA Data Assimilation M. Howland & J. Dabiri 10.3390/en14010052
- Power increases using wind direction spatial filtering for wind farm control: Evaluation using FLORIS, modified for dynamic settings M. Sinner et al. 10.1063/5.0039899
- Exploring the complexities associated with full-scale wind plant wake mitigation control experiments J. Duncan Jr. et al. 10.5194/wes-5-469-2020
- Optimizing wind farm control through wake steering using surrogate models based on high-fidelity simulations P. Hulsman et al. 10.5194/wes-5-309-2020
- A yawed wake model to predict the velocity distribution of curled wake cross-section for wind turbines Q. Yang et al. 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.116911
- Parametric dependencies of the yawed wind‐turbine wake development E. Kleusberg et al. 10.1002/we.2395
- Wind tunnel experiments on wind turbine wakes in yaw: effects of inflow turbulence and shear J. Bartl et al. 10.5194/wes-3-329-2018
- Continued results from a field campaign of wake steering applied at a commercial wind farm – Part 2 P. Fleming et al. 10.5194/wes-5-945-2020
- Review of wake management techniques for wind turbines D. Houck 10.1002/we.2668
- The curled wake model: a three-dimensional and extremely fast steady-state wake solver for wind plant flows L. Martínez-Tossas et al. 10.5194/wes-6-555-2021
- Further calibration and validation of FLORIS with wind tunnel data F. Campagnolo et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2265/2/022019
- Evaluation of the potential for wake steering for U.S. land-based wind power plants D. Bensason et al. 10.1063/5.0039325
- A new method for simulating multiple wind turbine wakes under yawed conditions D. Wei et al. 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2021.109832
- Multifidelity multiobjective optimization for wake-steering strategies J. Quick et al. 10.5194/wes-7-1941-2022
- A review of physical and numerical modeling techniques for horizontal-axis wind turbine wakes M. Amiri et al. 10.1016/j.rser.2024.114279
- Control-oriented model for secondary effects of wake steering J. King et al. 10.5194/wes-6-701-2021
- Assessment of yaw-control effects on wind turbine-wake interaction: A coupled unsteady vortex lattice method and curled wake model analysis W. Han et al. 10.1016/j.jweia.2023.105559
- Influence of atmospheric stability on wind farm performance in complex terrain W. Radünz et al. 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.116149
- Experimental results of wake steering using fixed angles P. Fleming et al. 10.5194/wes-6-1521-2021
- Development of a curled wake of a yawed wind turbine under turbulent and sheared inflow P. Hulsman et al. 10.5194/wes-7-237-2022
- An adaptation of the super-Gaussian wake model for yawed wind turbines F. Blondel et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/1618/6/062031
- Modelling the induction, thrust and power of a yaw-misaligned actuator disk K. Heck et al. 10.1017/jfm.2023.129
- The aerodynamics of the curled wake: a simplified model in view of flow control L. Martínez-Tossas et al. 10.5194/wes-4-127-2019
- Near-wake structure of full-scale vertical-axis wind turbines N. Wei et al. 10.1017/jfm.2020.578
- Machine learning enables national assessment of wind plant controls with implications for land use D. Harrison‐Atlas et al. 10.1002/we.2689
- A physically interpretable data-driven surrogate model for wake steering B. Sengers et al. 10.5194/wes-7-1455-2022
- Results from a wake-steering experiment at a commercial wind plant: investigating the wind speed dependence of wake-steering performance E. Simley et al. 10.5194/wes-6-1427-2021
- Influence of atmospheric conditions on the power production of utility-scale wind turbines in yaw misalignment M. Howland et al. 10.1063/5.0023746
- Grand challenges in the science of wind energy P. Veers et al. 10.1126/science.aau2027
- A low-fidelity dynamic wind farm model for simulating time-varying wind conditions and floating platform motion A. Kheirabadi & R. Nagamune 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2021.109313
- Power Maximization and Fatigue-Load Mitigation in a Wind-turbine Array by Active Yaw Control: an LES Study M. Lin & F. Porté-Agel 10.1088/1742-6596/1618/4/042036
- Analytical model for the power–yaw sensitivity of wind turbines operating in full wake J. Liew et al. 10.5194/wes-5-427-2020
- Wind farm power optimization through wake steering M. Howland et al. 10.1073/pnas.1903680116
- Dynamic wind farm flow control using free-vortex wake models M. van den Broek et al. 10.5194/wes-9-721-2024
- Analytical solutions for yawed wind-turbine wakes with application to wind-farm power optimization by active yaw control Z. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.117691
- Analysis of control-oriented wake modeling tools using lidar field results J. Annoni et al. 10.5194/wes-3-819-2018
- Engineering models for turbine wake velocity deficit and wake deflection. A new proposed approach for onshore and offshore applications R. Ruisi & E. Bossanyi 10.1088/1742-6596/1222/1/012004
- Wind tunnel tests for wind turbines: A state-of-the-art review R. He et al. 10.1016/j.rser.2022.112675
- Improving wind farm flow models by learning from operational data J. Schreiber et al. 10.5194/wes-5-647-2020
- Blade planform design optimization to enhance turbine wake control J. Allen et al. 10.1002/we.2699
- Toward flow control: An assessment of the curled wake model in the FLORIS framework C. Bay et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/1618/2/022033
- Real-time relocation of floating offshore wind turbine platforms for wind farm efficiency maximization: An assessment of feasibility and steady-state potential A. Kheirabadi & R. Nagamune 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.107445
- Field Validation of Wake Steering Control with Wind Direction Variability E. Simley et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/1452/1/012012
- Wind farm power optimization via yaw angle control: A wind tunnel study M. Bastankhah & F. Porté-Agel 10.1063/1.5077038
- Optimal closed-loop wake steering – Part 1: Conventionally neutral atmospheric boundary layer conditions M. Howland et al. 10.5194/wes-5-1315-2020
- Asymmetries and similarities of yawed rotor wakes X. Xiong et al. 10.1063/5.0106745
- Wind-Turbine and Wind-Farm Flows: A Review F. Porté-Agel et al. 10.1007/s10546-019-00473-0
- Wake steering of multirotor wind turbines G. Speakman et al. 10.1002/we.2633
- A quantitative review of wind farm control with the objective of wind farm power maximization A. Kheirabadi & R. Nagamune 10.1016/j.jweia.2019.06.015
- A new method to characterize the curled wake shape under yaw misalignment B. Sengers et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/1618/6/062050
- Modelling Yawed Wind Turbine Wakes: Extension of a Gaussian-Based Wake Model D. Wei et al. 10.3390/en14154494
- Wake asymmetry of yaw state wind turbines induced by interference with wind towers K. Shibuya & T. Uchida 10.1016/j.energy.2023.128091
- Platform Oscillation Reduction of a Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Y. Niu & R. Nagamune 10.1016/j.ifacol.2023.12.025
- Wind farm flow control: prospects and challenges J. Meyers et al. 10.5194/wes-7-2271-2022
Latest update: 26 Apr 2024
Short summary
This paper investigates the role of flow structures in wind farm control through yaw misalignment. A pair of counter-rotating vortices is shown to be important in deforming the shape of the wake. Further, we demonstrate that the vortex structures created in wake steering can enable a greater change power generation than currently modeled in control-oriented models. We propose that wind farm controllers can be made more effective if designed to take advantage of these effects.
This paper investigates the role of flow structures in wind farm control through yaw...
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