Articles | Volume 3, issue 2 
            
                
                    
            
            
            https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-3-929-2018
                    © Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
                the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-3-929-2018
                    © Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
                the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Micro-scale model comparison (benchmark) at the moderately complex forested site Ryningsnäs
                                            Uppsala University, Wind Energy Section, Campus Gotland, 621 67 Visby, Sweden
                                        
                                    Johan Arnqvist
                                            Uppsala University, Wind Energy Section, Campus Gotland, 621 67 Visby, Sweden
                                        
                                    Matias Avila
                                            Barcelona Supercomputing Center, BSC, Barcelona, Spain
                                        
                                    Dalibor Cavar
                                            Wind Energy Department, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
                                        
                                    Roberto Aurelio Chavez-Arroyo
                                            National Renewable Energy Centre (CENER), Pamplona, Spain
                                        
                                    Hugo Olivares-Espinosa
                                            Uppsala University, Wind Energy Section, Campus Gotland, 621 67 Visby, Sweden
                                        
                                    Carlos Peralta
                                            Wobben Research and Development MS GmbH, Bremen, Germany
                                        
                                    Jamal Adib
                                            Wobben Research and Development MS GmbH, Bremen, Germany
                                        
                                    Björn Witha
                                            ForWind – Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
                                        
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                            Cited
23 citations as recorded by crossref.
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 - Sensitivity of nocturnal low-level jets to land-use parameters and meteorological quantities A. Ziemann et al. 10.5194/asr-16-85-2019
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 - The New European Wind Atlas Model Chain J. Rodrigo et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/1452/1/012087
 - Computational fluid dynamics studies on wind turbine interactions with the turbulent local flow field influenced by complex topography and thermal stratification P. Letzgus et al. 10.5194/wes-7-1551-2022
 - Assessment of flow characteristics over complex terrain covered by the heterogeneous forest at slightly varying mean flow directions H. Abedi 10.1016/j.renene.2022.11.030
 - Simulation of the Neutral Atmospheric Flow Using Multiscale Modeling: Comparative Studies for SimpleFoam and Fluent Solver Z. Zhao et al. 10.3390/atmos15101259
 - Robust processing of airborne laser scans to plant area density profiles J. Arnqvist et al. 10.5194/bg-17-5939-2020
 - Comparison of Wind Lidar Data and Numerical Simulations of the Low-Level Jet at a Grassland Site A. Ziemann et al. 10.3390/en13236264
 - Wind turbine wake inflow over a heterogeneous forest - comparison between measurement and LES simulation G. Navarro Diaz et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/1934/1/012008
 - Modelling of wind turbine wakes over forests along the diurnal cycle H. Olivares-Espinosa & J. Arnqvist 10.1088/1742-6596/2505/1/012043
 - Wind energy relevant characteristics of turbulence over boreal forests J. Arnqvist et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2767/9/092096
 - Wind resource assessment at mountainous wind farm: Fusion of RANS and vertical multi-point on-site measured wind field data X. Cheng et al. 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123116
 - Development and Evaluation of a Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes Solver in WindNinja for Operational Wildland Fire Applications N. Wagenbrenner et al. 10.3390/atmos10110672
 - Actuator line simulations of wind turbine wakes using the lattice Boltzmann method H. Asmuth et al. 10.5194/wes-5-623-2020
 - Wind power in forested regions: Power law extrapolation vs. lidar observation J. Cao et al. 10.1016/j.jweia.2022.105281
 - Influence of complex terrain on a flow above a forest with clearing J. Matsfelt et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/1618/3/032023
 - Numerical modelling of neutral atmospheric boundary layer flow through heterogeneous forest canopies in complex terrain (a case study of a Swedish wind farm) H. Abedi et al. 10.1016/j.renene.2021.08.036
 - A simple steady-state inflow model of the neutral and stable atmospheric boundary layer applied to wind turbine wake simulations M. van der Laan et al. 10.5194/wes-9-1985-2024
 - Large eddy simulation: A study of clearings in forest and their effect on wind turbines J. Matsfelt & L. Davidson 10.1002/we.2637
 - Assessment of wind fields over forested sites with LES and a nacelle lidar H. Olivares-Espinosa et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/1256/1/012002
 - Modeling the small-scale deposition of snow onto structured Arctic sea ice during a MOSAiC storm using snowBedFoam 1.0. O. Hames et al. 10.5194/gmd-15-6429-2022
 - Numerical Modelling of Neutral Atmospheric Boundary Layer Flow Through Heterogeneous Forest Canopies in Complex Terrain (A Case Study of a Swedish Wind Farm) H. Abedi et al. 10.2139/ssrn.3868024
 
22 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Numerical Modelling of Neutral Atmospheric Boundary Layer Flow Through Heterogeneous Forest Canopies in Complex Terrain (A Case Study of a Swedish Wind Farm) H. Abedi et al. 10.2139/ssrn.3868024
 - Sensitivity of nocturnal low-level jets to land-use parameters and meteorological quantities A. Ziemann et al. 10.5194/asr-16-85-2019
 - How Fast is Fast Enough? Industry Perspectives on the Use of Large-eddy Simulation in Wind Energy H. Asmuth et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2505/1/012001
 - The New European Wind Atlas Model Chain J. Rodrigo et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/1452/1/012087
 - Computational fluid dynamics studies on wind turbine interactions with the turbulent local flow field influenced by complex topography and thermal stratification P. Letzgus et al. 10.5194/wes-7-1551-2022
 - Assessment of flow characteristics over complex terrain covered by the heterogeneous forest at slightly varying mean flow directions H. Abedi 10.1016/j.renene.2022.11.030
 - Simulation of the Neutral Atmospheric Flow Using Multiscale Modeling: Comparative Studies for SimpleFoam and Fluent Solver Z. Zhao et al. 10.3390/atmos15101259
 - Robust processing of airborne laser scans to plant area density profiles J. Arnqvist et al. 10.5194/bg-17-5939-2020
 - Comparison of Wind Lidar Data and Numerical Simulations of the Low-Level Jet at a Grassland Site A. Ziemann et al. 10.3390/en13236264
 - Wind turbine wake inflow over a heterogeneous forest - comparison between measurement and LES simulation G. Navarro Diaz et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/1934/1/012008
 - Modelling of wind turbine wakes over forests along the diurnal cycle H. Olivares-Espinosa & J. Arnqvist 10.1088/1742-6596/2505/1/012043
 - Wind energy relevant characteristics of turbulence over boreal forests J. Arnqvist et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2767/9/092096
 - Wind resource assessment at mountainous wind farm: Fusion of RANS and vertical multi-point on-site measured wind field data X. Cheng et al. 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123116
 - Development and Evaluation of a Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes Solver in WindNinja for Operational Wildland Fire Applications N. Wagenbrenner et al. 10.3390/atmos10110672
 - Actuator line simulations of wind turbine wakes using the lattice Boltzmann method H. Asmuth et al. 10.5194/wes-5-623-2020
 - Wind power in forested regions: Power law extrapolation vs. lidar observation J. Cao et al. 10.1016/j.jweia.2022.105281
 - Influence of complex terrain on a flow above a forest with clearing J. Matsfelt et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/1618/3/032023
 - Numerical modelling of neutral atmospheric boundary layer flow through heterogeneous forest canopies in complex terrain (a case study of a Swedish wind farm) H. Abedi et al. 10.1016/j.renene.2021.08.036
 - A simple steady-state inflow model of the neutral and stable atmospheric boundary layer applied to wind turbine wake simulations M. van der Laan et al. 10.5194/wes-9-1985-2024
 - Large eddy simulation: A study of clearings in forest and their effect on wind turbines J. Matsfelt & L. Davidson 10.1002/we.2637
 - Assessment of wind fields over forested sites with LES and a nacelle lidar H. Olivares-Espinosa et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/1256/1/012002
 - Modeling the small-scale deposition of snow onto structured Arctic sea ice during a MOSAiC storm using snowBedFoam 1.0. O. Hames et al. 10.5194/gmd-15-6429-2022
 
Latest update: 03 Nov 2025
Short summary
                    This article describes a study in which modellers were challenged to compute the wind at a forested site with moderately complex topography. The target was to match the measured wind profile at one exact location for three directions. The input to the models consisted of detailed information on forest densities and ground height. Overall, the article gives an overview of how well different types of models are able to capture the flow physics at a moderately complex forested site.
                    This article describes a study in which modellers were challenged to compute the wind at a...
                    
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