Articles | Volume 6, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-6-645-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-6-645-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Evaluation of idealized large-eddy simulations performed with the Weather Research and Forecasting model using turbulence measurements from a 250 m meteorological mast
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde, Denmark
Branko Kosović
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, USA
Jeffrey D. Mirocha
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA
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Cited
17 citations as recorded by crossref.
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- Behavior and mechanisms of Doppler wind lidar error in varying stability regimes R. Robey & J. Lundquist https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4585-2022
- Impact of atmospheric turbulence on performance and loads of wind turbines: knowledge gaps and research challenges B. Kosović et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-509-2026
- The wake wrecker: a special case of a shallow low-level jet simulation impacting a turbine in WRF-LES A. Peña & N. Angelou https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3016/1/012043
- Model intercomparison of the ABL, turbines, and wakes within the AWAKEN wind farms under neutral stability conditions A. Hsieh et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0211729
- Evaluation of wind farm parameterizations in the WRF model under different atmospheric stability conditions with high-resolution wake simulations O. García-Santiago et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-963-2024
- Applying a Surface Heat Flux with Temporal Gradient to Large-Eddy Simulations of the Stable Boundary Layer L. Bührend & A. Englberger https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-025-00958-1
- Departure from Flux-Gradient Relation in the Planetary Boundary Layer P. Santos et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12060672
- A physical wind‐turbine wake growth model under different stratified atmospheric conditions B. Du et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/we.2770
- Investigating the physical mechanisms that modify wind plant blockage in stable boundary layers M. Sanchez Gomez et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1049-2023
- Using Observed and Modelled Heat Fluxes for Improved Extrapolation of Wind Distributions R. Floors et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-023-00803-3
- Evaluation of orography and roughness model inputs and deep neural network regression for wind speed predictions M. Gross et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/we.2782
- Development of One-Way Coupling Between MIKE 3 Wave FM Model and WRF-LES for the Evaluation of a Storm Simulation S. Hamzeloo et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-025-00942-9
- Effects of atmospheric stability on the structural response of a 12 MW semisubmersible floating wind turbine I. Rivera‐Arreba et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/we.2775
- Exploring the impact of surface waves on wakes using LES in the WRF model O. García-Santiago & A. Peña https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3016/1/012037
- Modeling Offshore Wind Farm Performance in Coastal Low-Level Jets Using Coupled Mesoscale-Microscale Large Eddy Simulations T. Chatterjee et al. https://doi.org/10.1103/vj2s-gflw
- One-year-long turbulence measurements and modeling using large-eddy simulation domains in the Weather Research and Forecasting model A. Peña & J. Mirocha https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123069
17 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Implementation of a generalized actuator disk model into WRF v4.3: A validation study for a real-scale wind turbine B. Kale et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2022.07.119
- Behavior and mechanisms of Doppler wind lidar error in varying stability regimes R. Robey & J. Lundquist https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4585-2022
- Impact of atmospheric turbulence on performance and loads of wind turbines: knowledge gaps and research challenges B. Kosović et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-509-2026
- The wake wrecker: a special case of a shallow low-level jet simulation impacting a turbine in WRF-LES A. Peña & N. Angelou https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3016/1/012043
- Model intercomparison of the ABL, turbines, and wakes within the AWAKEN wind farms under neutral stability conditions A. Hsieh et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0211729
- Evaluation of wind farm parameterizations in the WRF model under different atmospheric stability conditions with high-resolution wake simulations O. García-Santiago et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-963-2024
- Applying a Surface Heat Flux with Temporal Gradient to Large-Eddy Simulations of the Stable Boundary Layer L. Bührend & A. Englberger https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-025-00958-1
- Departure from Flux-Gradient Relation in the Planetary Boundary Layer P. Santos et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12060672
- A physical wind‐turbine wake growth model under different stratified atmospheric conditions B. Du et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/we.2770
- Investigating the physical mechanisms that modify wind plant blockage in stable boundary layers M. Sanchez Gomez et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1049-2023
- Using Observed and Modelled Heat Fluxes for Improved Extrapolation of Wind Distributions R. Floors et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-023-00803-3
- Evaluation of orography and roughness model inputs and deep neural network regression for wind speed predictions M. Gross et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/we.2782
- Development of One-Way Coupling Between MIKE 3 Wave FM Model and WRF-LES for the Evaluation of a Storm Simulation S. Hamzeloo et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-025-00942-9
- Effects of atmospheric stability on the structural response of a 12 MW semisubmersible floating wind turbine I. Rivera‐Arreba et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/we.2775
- Exploring the impact of surface waves on wakes using LES in the WRF model O. García-Santiago & A. Peña https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3016/1/012037
- Modeling Offshore Wind Farm Performance in Coastal Low-Level Jets Using Coupled Mesoscale-Microscale Large Eddy Simulations T. Chatterjee et al. https://doi.org/10.1103/vj2s-gflw
- One-year-long turbulence measurements and modeling using large-eddy simulation domains in the Weather Research and Forecasting model A. Peña & J. Mirocha https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123069
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 11 Jun 2026
Short summary
We investigate the ability of a community-open weather model to simulate the turbulent atmosphere by comparison with measurements from a 250 m mast at a flat site in Denmark. We found that within three main atmospheric stability regimes, idealized simulations reproduce closely the characteristics of the observations with regards to the mean wind, direction, turbulent fluxes, and turbulence spectra. Our work provides foundation for the use of the weather model in multiscale real-time simulations.
We investigate the ability of a community-open weather model to simulate the turbulent...
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