Wind Energy Science
Wind Energy Science
WES
Articles | Volume 10, issue 8
Articles | Volume 10, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1661-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1661-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 10, issue 8
Research article
 | 
18 Aug 2025
Research article |  | 18 Aug 2025

Offshore wind farm layout optimization accounting for participation in secondary reserve markets

Thuy-Hai Nguyen, Julian Quick, Pierre-Elouan Réthoré, Jean-François Toubeau, Emmanuel De Jaeger, and François Vallée

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Latest update: 14 Jun 2026
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Short summary
Current offshore wind farms have been designed to maximize their production of electricity at all times and not to keep a reserve of power in case of unexpected events on the grid. We present a new formulation for designing wind farms to maximize revenues from both energy and reserve markets. We apply it to a real-life wind farm and show that profits are expected to increase in a significant way for wind farms designed and operated for reserve, with less energy supplied.
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