Wind Energy Science
Wind Energy Science
WES
Articles | Volume 10, issue 1
Articles | Volume 10, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-59-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-59-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 10, issue 1
Research article
 | 
08 Jan 2025
Research article |  | 08 Jan 2025

The effects of wind farm wakes on freezing sea spray in the mid-Atlantic offshore wind energy areas

David Rosencrans, Julie K. Lundquist, Mike Optis, and Nicola Bodini

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Short summary
The US offshore wind industry is growing rapidly. Expansion into cold climates will subject turbines and personnel to hazardous icing. We analyze the 21-year icing risk for US east coast wind areas based on numerical weather prediction simulations and further assess impacts from wind farm wakes over one winter season. Sea spray icing at 10 m can occur up to 67 h per month. However, turbine–atmosphere interactions reduce icing hours within wind plant areas.
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