Wind Energy Science
Wind Energy Science
WES
Articles | Volume 10, issue 4
Articles | Volume 10, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-733-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-733-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 10, issue 4
Research article
 | 
22 Apr 2025
Research article |  | 22 Apr 2025

Tall wind profile validation of ERA5, NORA3, and NEWA datasets using lidar observations

Etienne Cheynet, Jan Markus Diezel, Hilde Haakenstad, Øyvind Breivik, Alfredo Peña, and Joachim Reuder

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Short summary
This study analyses wind speed data at heights up to 500 m to support the design of future large offshore wind turbines and airborne wind energy systems.  We compared three wind models (ERA5, NORA3, and NEWA) with lidar measurements at five sites using four performance metrics. ERA5 and NORA3 performed equally well offshore, with NORA3 typically outperforming the other two models onshore. More generally, the optimal choice of model depends on site, altitude, and evaluation criteria.
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