Wind Energy Science
Wind Energy Science
WES
Articles | Volume 11, issue 7
Articles | Volume 11, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-2601-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-2601-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 11, issue 7
Research article
 | 
23 Jul 2026
Research article |  | 23 Jul 2026

Aerodynamic analysis of standard variable-speed torque control in complex terrain

Clemens Paul Zengler, Mac Gaunaa, and Niels Troldborg

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Short summary
When wind turbines operate in conditions which they were not designed for, e.g., complex terrain, they might show unexpected performance variations. Complex-terrain flow physics, such as streamwise flow acceleration, alter maximum performance. It is asked whether this also affects steady-state turbine control. We show that rotor-torque-based control strategies can lead to suboptimal control in these conditions, but the effect of the background flow on performance is larger.
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