Articles | Volume 11, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-2939-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-2939-2026
Research article
 | 
12 Aug 2026
Research article |  | 12 Aug 2026

A multi-parametric composite approach for the optimization of wind turbine blades using Double-Double laminates

Edgar Werthen, Gustavo Nunes Ribeiro, Sascha Dähne, Lennart Tönjes, David Zerbst, and Christian Hühne

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Cited articles

Almeida, J. H. S., Balonek, E., and Castro, S. G.: Beyond Double-Double theory: n-Directional stacking sequence optimisation in composite laminates, Compos. Struct., 373, 119586, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119586, 2025. a
Amabili, M.: Composite, Sandwich and Functionally Graded Materials: Advanced Nonlinear Shell Theories, Cambridge University Press, 90–123, 2018. a
Bak, C., Zahle, F., Bitsche, R., Kim, T., Yde, A., Henriksen, L., Hansen, M., Blasques, J., Gaunaa, M., and Natarajan, A.: The DTU 10-MW Reference Wind Turbine, DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark, DTU Wind Energy Report-I-0092, 138 pp., https://rwt.windenergy.dtu.dk/dtu10mw/dtu-10mw-rwt (last access: 24 June 2026), 2013. a
Bortolotti, P., Tarrés, H., Dykes, K., Merz, K., Sethuraman, L., Verelst, D., and Zahle, F.: IEA Wind TCP Task 37: Systems Engineering in Wind Energy-WP2.1 Reference Wind Turbines, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), https://doi.org/10.2172/1529216, 2019. a
Bortolotti, P., Bay, C., Barter, G., Gaertner, E., Dykes, K., McWilliam, M., Friis-Moller, M., Pedersen, M. M., and Zahle, F.: System Modeling Frameworks for Wind Turbines and Plants: Review and Requirements Specifications, Tech. rep., NREL/TP-5000-82621, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), https://doi.org/10.2172/1868328, 2022. a
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Short summary
A multi-parametric panel approach, integrated into a wind turbine blade optimization workflow, is provided. The formulation enables sandwich panels to be represented as modular assemblies with independently parameterized materials. This capability enabled the examination of Double-Double laminates as viable replacements for conventional triaxial skins in a large-scale optimization, like demonstrated for a large blade. The results show a mass reduction without changing the production process.
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