Wind Energy Science
Wind Energy Science
WES
Articles | Volume 11, issue 11
Articles | Volume 11, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-4093-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-4093-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 11, issue 11
Research article
 | 
03 Nov 2026
Research article |  | 03 Nov 2026

The AWAKEN wind farm benchmark – Part 1: Observed conditions

Nicola Bodini, Aliza Abraham, Paula Doubrawa, Stefano Letizia, Julie K. Lundquist, Patrick Moriarty, and Ryan Scott

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Latest update: 03 Nov 2026
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Short summary
Wind turbines create "wakes" of slowed air that reduce power for nearby turbines. To help improve wind energy models, we analyzed data from a large field experiment. We focused on a single day with changing weather patterns. We found that even simple terrain features interacted with the wind to create large variations in power output – up to 80 % – across a wind farm. This detailed dataset provides a real-world case needed to validate and improve wind energy design tools.
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