Articles | Volume 5, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-5-721-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-5-721-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
15 Jun 2020
Research article |
| 15 Jun 2020
| 15 Jun 2020
Is the Blade Element Momentum theory overestimating wind turbine loads? – An aeroelastic comparison between OpenFAST's AeroDyn and QBlade's Lifting-Line Free Vortex Wake method
Sebastian Perez-Becker
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Chair of Fluid Dynamics, Hermann Föttinger Institute, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Francesco Papi
Department of Industrial Engineering, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
Joseph Saverin
Chair of Fluid Dynamics, Hermann Föttinger Institute, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
David Marten
Chair of Fluid Dynamics, Hermann Föttinger Institute, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Alessandro Bianchini
Department of Industrial Engineering, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy
Christian Oliver Paschereit
Chair of Fluid Dynamics, Hermann Föttinger Institute, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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26 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Challenges in Rotor Aerodynamic Modeling for Non-Uniform Inflow Conditions K. Boorsma et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2767/2/022006
- The Beddoes-Leishman dynamic stall model: Critical aspects in implementation and calibration P. Melani et al. 10.1016/j.rser.2024.114677
- Development and application of a mesh generator intended for unsteady vortex-lattice method simulations of wind turbines and wind farms B. Roccia et al. 10.5194/wes-9-385-2024
- Experimental analysis of the dynamic inflow effect due to coherent gusts F. Berger et al. 10.5194/wes-7-1827-2022
- Investigation of blade flexibility effects on the loads and wake of a 15 MW wind turbine using a flexible actuator line method F. Trigaux et al. 10.5194/wes-9-1765-2024
- Comparison of different fidelity aerodynamic solvers on the IEA 10 MW turbine including novel tip extension geometries R. Behrens de Luna et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2265/3/032002
- O uso do software Qblade na energia eólica: uma revisão bibliográfica C. Andrade et al. 10.7769/gesec.v15i10.4367
- Quantifying the impact of modeling fidelity on different substructure concepts – Part 2: Code-to-code comparison in realistic environmental conditions F. Papi et al. 10.5194/wes-9-981-2024
- Comparison of free vortex wake and blade element momentum results against large-eddy simulation results for highly flexible turbines under challenging inflow conditions K. Shaler et al. 10.5194/wes-8-383-2023
- Active flap control with the trailing edge flap hinge moment as a sensor: using it to estimate local blade inflow conditions and to reduce extreme blade loads and deflections S. Perez-Becker et al. 10.5194/wes-6-791-2021
- Quantifying the impact of modeling fidelity on different substructure concepts for floating offshore wind turbines – Part 1: Validation of the hydrodynamic module QBlade-Ocean R. Behrens de Luna et al. 10.5194/wes-9-623-2024
- Coupling an advanced actuator surface method with CFD for unsteady aerodynamic simulation of helicopter T. ZHANG et al. 10.1016/j.cja.2025.103573
- Development of a control co-design optimization framework with aeroelastic-control coupling for floating offshore wind turbines X. Du et al. 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123728
- Implementation and Validation of an Advanced Wind Energy Controller in Aero-Servo-Elastic Simulations Using the Lifting Line Free Vortex Wake Model S. Perez-Becker et al. 10.3390/en14030783
- Simplified dynamic inflow for control engineering models J. Geisler 10.1088/1742-6596/2265/3/032101
- Going beyond BEM with BEM: an insight into dynamic inflow effects on floating wind turbines F. Papi et al. 10.5194/wes-9-1069-2024
- One-to-one aeroservoelastic validation of operational loads and performance of a 2.8 MW wind turbine model in OpenFAST K. Brown et al. 10.5194/wes-9-1791-2024
- A multipurpose lifting-line flow solver for arbitrary wind energy concepts E. Branlard et al. 10.5194/wes-7-455-2022
- Technical challenges in floating offshore wind turbine upscaling: A critical analysis based on the NREL 5 MW and IEA 15 MW Reference Turbines F. Papi & A. Bianchini 10.1016/j.rser.2022.112489
- A comparison of dynamic inflow models for the blade element momentum method S. Mancini et al. 10.5194/wes-8-193-2023
- An insight into the capability of the actuator line method to resolve tip vortices P. Melani et al. 10.5194/wes-9-601-2024
- Impact of rotor size on the aeroelastic behavior of large turbines: a LES study using flexible actuator lines F. Trigaux et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2767/2/022062
- Dynamic Modeling of an Offshore Floating Wind Turbine for Application in the Mediterranean Sea L. Cottura et al. 10.3390/en14010248
- To What Extent Is Aeroelasticity Impacting Multi-Megawatt Wind Turbine Upscaling? A Critical Assessment L. Pagamonci et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2648/1/012005
- Validation and accommodation of vortex wake codes for wind turbine design load calculations K. Boorsma et al. 10.5194/wes-5-699-2020
- Review on Small Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbines K. Ismail et al. 10.1007/s13369-023-08314-6
22 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Challenges in Rotor Aerodynamic Modeling for Non-Uniform Inflow Conditions K. Boorsma et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2767/2/022006
- The Beddoes-Leishman dynamic stall model: Critical aspects in implementation and calibration P. Melani et al. 10.1016/j.rser.2024.114677
- Development and application of a mesh generator intended for unsteady vortex-lattice method simulations of wind turbines and wind farms B. Roccia et al. 10.5194/wes-9-385-2024
- Experimental analysis of the dynamic inflow effect due to coherent gusts F. Berger et al. 10.5194/wes-7-1827-2022
- Investigation of blade flexibility effects on the loads and wake of a 15 MW wind turbine using a flexible actuator line method F. Trigaux et al. 10.5194/wes-9-1765-2024
- Comparison of different fidelity aerodynamic solvers on the IEA 10 MW turbine including novel tip extension geometries R. Behrens de Luna et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2265/3/032002
- O uso do software Qblade na energia eólica: uma revisão bibliográfica C. Andrade et al. 10.7769/gesec.v15i10.4367
- Quantifying the impact of modeling fidelity on different substructure concepts – Part 2: Code-to-code comparison in realistic environmental conditions F. Papi et al. 10.5194/wes-9-981-2024
- Comparison of free vortex wake and blade element momentum results against large-eddy simulation results for highly flexible turbines under challenging inflow conditions K. Shaler et al. 10.5194/wes-8-383-2023
- Active flap control with the trailing edge flap hinge moment as a sensor: using it to estimate local blade inflow conditions and to reduce extreme blade loads and deflections S. Perez-Becker et al. 10.5194/wes-6-791-2021
- Quantifying the impact of modeling fidelity on different substructure concepts for floating offshore wind turbines – Part 1: Validation of the hydrodynamic module QBlade-Ocean R. Behrens de Luna et al. 10.5194/wes-9-623-2024
- Coupling an advanced actuator surface method with CFD for unsteady aerodynamic simulation of helicopter T. ZHANG et al. 10.1016/j.cja.2025.103573
- Development of a control co-design optimization framework with aeroelastic-control coupling for floating offshore wind turbines X. Du et al. 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123728
- Implementation and Validation of an Advanced Wind Energy Controller in Aero-Servo-Elastic Simulations Using the Lifting Line Free Vortex Wake Model S. Perez-Becker et al. 10.3390/en14030783
- Simplified dynamic inflow for control engineering models J. Geisler 10.1088/1742-6596/2265/3/032101
- Going beyond BEM with BEM: an insight into dynamic inflow effects on floating wind turbines F. Papi et al. 10.5194/wes-9-1069-2024
- One-to-one aeroservoelastic validation of operational loads and performance of a 2.8 MW wind turbine model in OpenFAST K. Brown et al. 10.5194/wes-9-1791-2024
- A multipurpose lifting-line flow solver for arbitrary wind energy concepts E. Branlard et al. 10.5194/wes-7-455-2022
- Technical challenges in floating offshore wind turbine upscaling: A critical analysis based on the NREL 5 MW and IEA 15 MW Reference Turbines F. Papi & A. Bianchini 10.1016/j.rser.2022.112489
- A comparison of dynamic inflow models for the blade element momentum method S. Mancini et al. 10.5194/wes-8-193-2023
- An insight into the capability of the actuator line method to resolve tip vortices P. Melani et al. 10.5194/wes-9-601-2024
- Impact of rotor size on the aeroelastic behavior of large turbines: a LES study using flexible actuator lines F. Trigaux et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2767/2/022062
4 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Dynamic Modeling of an Offshore Floating Wind Turbine for Application in the Mediterranean Sea L. Cottura et al. 10.3390/en14010248
- To What Extent Is Aeroelasticity Impacting Multi-Megawatt Wind Turbine Upscaling? A Critical Assessment L. Pagamonci et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2648/1/012005
- Validation and accommodation of vortex wake codes for wind turbine design load calculations K. Boorsma et al. 10.5194/wes-5-699-2020
- Review on Small Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbines K. Ismail et al. 10.1007/s13369-023-08314-6
Latest update: 03 Jul 2025
Short summary
Aeroelastic design load calculations play a key role in determining the design loads of the different wind turbine components. This study compares load estimations from calculations using a Blade Element Momentum aerodynamic model with estimations from calculations using a higher-order Lifting-Line Free Vortex Wake aerodynamic model. The paper finds and explains the differences in fatigue and extreme turbine loads for power production simulations that cover a wide range of turbulent wind speeds.
Aeroelastic design load calculations play a key role in determining the design loads of the...
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