Articles | Volume 7, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-2231-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-2231-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research challenges and needs for the deployment of wind energy in hilly and mountainous regions
Andrew Clifton
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Stuttgart Wind Energy, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
now at: TGU enviConnect, TTI GmbH, Stuttgart, Germany
Sarah Barber
Institute for Energy Technology, Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences, Oberseestrasse 10, 8640 Rapperswil, Switzerland
Alexander Stökl
Energiewerkstatt e.V., Heiligenstatt 24, 5211 Friedburg, Austria
Helmut Frank
FE13, Deutscher Wetterdienst, Frankfurter Str. 135, 63067 Offenbach, Germany
Timo Karlsson
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Tekniikantie 21, P.O. Box 1000, 02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland
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Cited
29 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Performance assessment of wind turbines in near-fault mountain regions subjected to physics-based simulated earthquake ground motions W. Wang et al.
- A modular based framework for multi-step spatio-temporal wind power forecasting S. Hussain et al.
- Visual anemometry for physics-informed inference of wind J. Dabiri et al.
- A case study on the feasibility and optimization of wind farm deployment in India L. Agarwal et al.
- A Review of the Integration of Clean Energy Technology in the Mining Industry: Challenges and Opportunities I. Dikgwatlhe et al.
- Characterizing atmospheric stability in complex terrain N. Agarwal & J. Lundquist
- Domain-invariant icing detection on wind turbine rotor blades with generative artificial intelligence for deep transfer learning J. Chatterjee et al.
- Impact of atmospheric turbulence on wind farms sited over complex terrain J. Singh & J. Alam
- Influence of Surface Complexity and Atmospheric Stability on Wind Shear and Turbulence in a Peri-Urban Wind Energy Site W. Zhang et al.
- A spatio-techno-economic analysis for wind-powered hydrogen production in Tunisia S. Rekik et al.
- Impact of atmospheric turbulence on performance and loads of wind turbines: knowledge gaps and research challenges B. Kosović et al.
- Resolving three-dimensional wind velocity fields in complex terrain using sequential wind-Doppler LiDAR, CFD and wind turbine measurements - Gotthard Pass, Switzerland B. van Schaik et al.
- Wind Energy Siting Optimization in Fujian Province, China S. Bimenyimana et al.
- Resolving three-dimensional wind velocity fields with sequential wind-Doppler LiDAR for wind energy in the complex terrain - Gotthard Pass, Switzerland B. van Schaik et al.
- Reconstructing fine-scale 3D wind fields with terrain-informed machine learning C. Lin et al.
- Complex terrains and wind power: enhancing forecasting accuracy through CNNs and DeepSHAP analysis T. Konstantinou & N. Hatziargyriou
- Long-term Hydrometeorological Time-series Analysis over the Central Highland of West Papua S. Herho et al.
- Customized design of wind turbine towers based on a multi-layer optimization model and integrated simulation Y. Zhao et al.
- High-Resolution Assessment of Wind Energy Potential and Operational Risks in Complex Mountain-Basin Systems R. Zhu et al.
- Beyond the Footprint: Empirical Land Use and Environmental Patterns of Wind Energy in Mountainous Landscapes A. Vlamakis et al.
- Advancing forecasting in mountainous terrain for weather-driven energy systems: Recommendations from a comprehensive stakeholder analysis I. Schicker et al.
- Implications of steep hilly terrain for modeling wind-turbine wakes D. Wang et al.
- Wind Field Modeling over Hilly Terrain: A Review of Methods, Challenges, Limitations, and Future Directions W. Wang & F. Chen
- A Model Downscaling Study of Wind Park Exposure to Extreme Weather: The Case of Storm “Ylva” in Arctic Norway I. Esau et al.
- Investigating the impact of temporal wind-speed variations on wind power modeling using a dynamically coupled meso–microscale simulation framework Z. Wu et al.
- Wind Speed Measurement via Visual Recognition of Wind-Induced Waving Light Stick Target W. Zhou et al.
- Resolving three-dimensional wind velocity fields with sequential wind-Doppler LiDAR for wind energy in the complex terrain - Gotthard Pass, Switzerland B. van Schaik et al.
- Multiscale coupling wake simulations for a horizontal-axis wind turbine mounted in complex terrains L. Mi et al.
- Influence of air flow features on alpine wind energy potential F. Kristianti et al.
29 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Performance assessment of wind turbines in near-fault mountain regions subjected to physics-based simulated earthquake ground motions W. Wang et al.
- A modular based framework for multi-step spatio-temporal wind power forecasting S. Hussain et al.
- Visual anemometry for physics-informed inference of wind J. Dabiri et al.
- A case study on the feasibility and optimization of wind farm deployment in India L. Agarwal et al.
- A Review of the Integration of Clean Energy Technology in the Mining Industry: Challenges and Opportunities I. Dikgwatlhe et al.
- Characterizing atmospheric stability in complex terrain N. Agarwal & J. Lundquist
- Domain-invariant icing detection on wind turbine rotor blades with generative artificial intelligence for deep transfer learning J. Chatterjee et al.
- Impact of atmospheric turbulence on wind farms sited over complex terrain J. Singh & J. Alam
- Influence of Surface Complexity and Atmospheric Stability on Wind Shear and Turbulence in a Peri-Urban Wind Energy Site W. Zhang et al.
- A spatio-techno-economic analysis for wind-powered hydrogen production in Tunisia S. Rekik et al.
- Impact of atmospheric turbulence on performance and loads of wind turbines: knowledge gaps and research challenges B. Kosović et al.
- Resolving three-dimensional wind velocity fields in complex terrain using sequential wind-Doppler LiDAR, CFD and wind turbine measurements - Gotthard Pass, Switzerland B. van Schaik et al.
- Wind Energy Siting Optimization in Fujian Province, China S. Bimenyimana et al.
- Resolving three-dimensional wind velocity fields with sequential wind-Doppler LiDAR for wind energy in the complex terrain - Gotthard Pass, Switzerland B. van Schaik et al.
- Reconstructing fine-scale 3D wind fields with terrain-informed machine learning C. Lin et al.
- Complex terrains and wind power: enhancing forecasting accuracy through CNNs and DeepSHAP analysis T. Konstantinou & N. Hatziargyriou
- Long-term Hydrometeorological Time-series Analysis over the Central Highland of West Papua S. Herho et al.
- Customized design of wind turbine towers based on a multi-layer optimization model and integrated simulation Y. Zhao et al.
- High-Resolution Assessment of Wind Energy Potential and Operational Risks in Complex Mountain-Basin Systems R. Zhu et al.
- Beyond the Footprint: Empirical Land Use and Environmental Patterns of Wind Energy in Mountainous Landscapes A. Vlamakis et al.
- Advancing forecasting in mountainous terrain for weather-driven energy systems: Recommendations from a comprehensive stakeholder analysis I. Schicker et al.
- Implications of steep hilly terrain for modeling wind-turbine wakes D. Wang et al.
- Wind Field Modeling over Hilly Terrain: A Review of Methods, Challenges, Limitations, and Future Directions W. Wang & F. Chen
- A Model Downscaling Study of Wind Park Exposure to Extreme Weather: The Case of Storm “Ylva” in Arctic Norway I. Esau et al.
- Investigating the impact of temporal wind-speed variations on wind power modeling using a dynamically coupled meso–microscale simulation framework Z. Wu et al.
- Wind Speed Measurement via Visual Recognition of Wind-Induced Waving Light Stick Target W. Zhou et al.
- Resolving three-dimensional wind velocity fields with sequential wind-Doppler LiDAR for wind energy in the complex terrain - Gotthard Pass, Switzerland B. van Schaik et al.
- Multiscale coupling wake simulations for a horizontal-axis wind turbine mounted in complex terrains L. Mi et al.
- Influence of air flow features on alpine wind energy potential F. Kristianti et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 30 Apr 2026
Short summary
The transition to low-carbon sources of energy means that wind turbines will need to be built in hilly or mountainous regions or in places affected by icing. These locations are called
complexand are hard to develop. This paper sets out the research and development (R&D) needed to make it easier and cheaper to harness wind energy there. This includes collaborative R&D facilities, improved wind and weather models, frameworks for sharing data, and a clear definition of site complexity.
The transition to low-carbon sources of energy means that wind turbines will need to be built in...
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