Articles | Volume 8, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Offshore wind energy forecasting sensitivity to sea surface temperature input in the Mid-Atlantic
Stephanie Redfern
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
Mike Optis
Veer Renewables, Inc., Courtenay, BC, Canada
National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
Caroline Draxl
National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
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Cited
15 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Datasets for wind energy forecasting applications: A comprehensive review and benchmarking perspective R. Akhtar et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2026.116941
- Characterizing model uncertainties in simulated coast-to-offshore wind over the northeast U.S. using multi-platform measurements from the TCAP field campaign S. Tai et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2024.122022
- Simulated meteorological impacts of offshore wind turbines and sensitivity to the amount of added turbulence kinetic energy D. Quint et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1269-2025
- Distributed energy systems: A review of classification, technologies, applications, and policies T. Nadeem et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2023.101096
- Impact of SST Resolution on WRF Model Performance for Wind Field Simulation in the Southwestern Atlantic M. Laviola da Silva et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/meteorology4040032
- The effects of wind farm wakes on freezing sea spray in the mid-Atlantic offshore wind energy areas D. Rosencrans et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-59-2025
- Sea surface warming and ocean-to-atmosphere feedback driven by large-scale offshore wind farms under seasonally stratified conditions H. Seo et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adw7603
- Seasonal variability of wake impacts on US mid-Atlantic offshore wind plant power production D. Rosencrans et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-555-2024
- Day-ahead offshore wind speed forecasts: A comparison between WRF-CNN-GRU and statistical methods J. Huo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2026.109041
- Validation of turbulence intensity as simulated by the Weather Research and Forecasting model off the US northeast coast S. Tai et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-433-2023
- A comparative analysis of real and theoretical data in offshore wind energy generation F. Camilo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prime.2025.100901
- Low-level jets in the North and Baltic seas: mesoscale model sensitivity and climatology using WRF V4.2.1 B. Olsen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-4499-2025
- Numerical simulation and projection of wind resources in the northern South China Sea B. Peng et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2024.102473
- Offshore wind profile extrapolation effects on energy production estimates in Southeast Brazil Y. Sakagami et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0252558
- On Predicting Offshore Hub Height Wind Speed and Wind Power Density in the Northeast US Coast Using High-Resolution WRF Model Configurations during Anticyclones Coinciding with Wind Drought T. Zaman et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17112618
15 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Datasets for wind energy forecasting applications: A comprehensive review and benchmarking perspective R. Akhtar et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2026.116941
- Characterizing model uncertainties in simulated coast-to-offshore wind over the northeast U.S. using multi-platform measurements from the TCAP field campaign S. Tai et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2024.122022
- Simulated meteorological impacts of offshore wind turbines and sensitivity to the amount of added turbulence kinetic energy D. Quint et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1269-2025
- Distributed energy systems: A review of classification, technologies, applications, and policies T. Nadeem et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2023.101096
- Impact of SST Resolution on WRF Model Performance for Wind Field Simulation in the Southwestern Atlantic M. Laviola da Silva et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/meteorology4040032
- The effects of wind farm wakes on freezing sea spray in the mid-Atlantic offshore wind energy areas D. Rosencrans et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-59-2025
- Sea surface warming and ocean-to-atmosphere feedback driven by large-scale offshore wind farms under seasonally stratified conditions H. Seo et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adw7603
- Seasonal variability of wake impacts on US mid-Atlantic offshore wind plant power production D. Rosencrans et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-555-2024
- Day-ahead offshore wind speed forecasts: A comparison between WRF-CNN-GRU and statistical methods J. Huo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2026.109041
- Validation of turbulence intensity as simulated by the Weather Research and Forecasting model off the US northeast coast S. Tai et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-433-2023
- A comparative analysis of real and theoretical data in offshore wind energy generation F. Camilo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prime.2025.100901
- Low-level jets in the North and Baltic seas: mesoscale model sensitivity and climatology using WRF V4.2.1 B. Olsen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-4499-2025
- Numerical simulation and projection of wind resources in the northern South China Sea B. Peng et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2024.102473
- Offshore wind profile extrapolation effects on energy production estimates in Southeast Brazil Y. Sakagami et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0252558
- On Predicting Offshore Hub Height Wind Speed and Wind Power Density in the Northeast US Coast Using High-Resolution WRF Model Configurations during Anticyclones Coinciding with Wind Drought T. Zaman et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17112618
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 09 Jun 2026
Short summary
As wind farm developments expand offshore, accurate forecasting of winds above coastal waters is rising in importance. Weather models rely on various inputs to generate their forecasts, one of which is sea surface temperature (SST). In this study, we evaluate how the SST data set used in the Weather Research and Forecasting model may influence wind characterization and find meaningful differences between model output when different SST products are used.
As wind farm developments expand offshore, accurate forecasting of winds above coastal waters is...
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