Articles | Volume 9, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-2175-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-2175-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Machine-learning-based virtual load sensors for mooring lines using simulated motion and lidar measurements
University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart Wind Energy (SWE), Allmandring 5b, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
Vasilis Pettas
University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart Wind Energy (SWE), Allmandring 5b, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
Nikolay Dimitrov
DTU Wind and Energy Systems, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksborgvej 399, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
Po Wen Cheng
University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart Wind Energy (SWE), Allmandring 5b, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Cited
15 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Hybrid Physics–AI Digital Twin Framework for Shared Mooring Systems in Deepwater Floating Offshore Wind Farms M. Shahin et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11804-026-00867-w
- Continuous-lifetime-monitoring technique for structural components and main bearings in wind turbines based on measured strain and virtual load sensors B. Faria et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-1583-2026
- Mooring tension estimation for multi-connected floating photovoltaic arrays via LSTM networks J. Song et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2025.104037
- Towards in-situ monitoring of floating platforms: geometry-anchored recurrent diffusion for long-sequence motion reconstruction based on monocular marker-free video Y. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2026.114864
- Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Structures: Sensing Technology, Uncertainty, and Artificial Intelligence R. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/s26154697
- Implementation of Principal Component Analysis (PCA)/Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Neural Networks in Constructing a Reduced-Order Model for Virtual Sensing of Mechanical Stress M. Melgarejo et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24248065
- Stress-Based Fatigue Diagnosis of Wind Turbine Blades Using Physics-Informed AI Reduced-Order Modeling J. Lee et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/en19010202
- Physics-environment augmented Attention-LSTM approach for mooring tension prediction J. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.127856
- Motion-Induced Errors in Buoy-Based Wind Measurements: Mechanisms, Compensation Methods, and Future Perspectives for Offshore Applications D. Cao et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/s26030920
- Stability of floating offshore wind turbines: A review of mechanisms, control technologies and performance evaluation Y. Yin et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2026.117438
- Strain virtual sensor for offshore wind turbine jacket supports: A time series transformer approach validated with Alpha Ventus wind farm data Á. Encalada-Dávila et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112653
- Investigation of the coupled dynamics and response correlations of a 10-MW Triple-spar floating offshore wind turbine under variable wind-wave-current conditions D. Lu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.126951
- Artificial Intelligence in Floating Offshore Wind Turbines: A Critical Review of Applications in Design, Monitoring, Control, and Digital Twins E. Kostecka et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18225937
- Design of Virtual Sensors for a Pyramidal Weathervaning Floating Wind Turbine H. del Pozo Gonzalez et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13081411
- Wavelet-Aided learning for condition monitoring of floating offshore wind turbine mooring systems F. Karim et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.123907
15 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Hybrid Physics–AI Digital Twin Framework for Shared Mooring Systems in Deepwater Floating Offshore Wind Farms M. Shahin et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11804-026-00867-w
- Continuous-lifetime-monitoring technique for structural components and main bearings in wind turbines based on measured strain and virtual load sensors B. Faria et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-1583-2026
- Mooring tension estimation for multi-connected floating photovoltaic arrays via LSTM networks J. Song et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2025.104037
- Towards in-situ monitoring of floating platforms: geometry-anchored recurrent diffusion for long-sequence motion reconstruction based on monocular marker-free video Y. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2026.114864
- Health Monitoring of Offshore Wind Structures: Sensing Technology, Uncertainty, and Artificial Intelligence R. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/s26154697
- Implementation of Principal Component Analysis (PCA)/Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and Neural Networks in Constructing a Reduced-Order Model for Virtual Sensing of Mechanical Stress M. Melgarejo et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24248065
- Stress-Based Fatigue Diagnosis of Wind Turbine Blades Using Physics-Informed AI Reduced-Order Modeling J. Lee et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/en19010202
- Physics-environment augmented Attention-LSTM approach for mooring tension prediction J. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.127856
- Motion-Induced Errors in Buoy-Based Wind Measurements: Mechanisms, Compensation Methods, and Future Perspectives for Offshore Applications D. Cao et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/s26030920
- Stability of floating offshore wind turbines: A review of mechanisms, control technologies and performance evaluation Y. Yin et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2026.117438
- Strain virtual sensor for offshore wind turbine jacket supports: A time series transformer approach validated with Alpha Ventus wind farm data Á. Encalada-Dávila et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2025.112653
- Investigation of the coupled dynamics and response correlations of a 10-MW Triple-spar floating offshore wind turbine under variable wind-wave-current conditions D. Lu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2026.126951
- Artificial Intelligence in Floating Offshore Wind Turbines: A Critical Review of Applications in Design, Monitoring, Control, and Digital Twins E. Kostecka et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18225937
- Design of Virtual Sensors for a Pyramidal Weathervaning Floating Wind Turbine H. del Pozo Gonzalez et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13081411
- Wavelet-Aided learning for condition monitoring of floating offshore wind turbine mooring systems F. Karim et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.123907
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 09 Sep 2026
Short summary
This study explores a methodology using floater motion and nacelle-based lidar wind speed measurements to estimate the tension and damage equivalent loads (DELs) on floating offshore wind turbines' mooring lines. Results indicate that fairlead tension time series and DELs can be accurately estimated from floater motion time series. Using lidar measurements as model inputs for DEL predictions leads to similar accuracies as using displacement measurements of the floater.
This study explores a methodology using floater motion and nacelle-based lidar wind speed...
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