Articles | Volume 11, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-1583-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-1583-2026
Research article
 | 
06 May 2026
Research article |  | 06 May 2026

Continuous-lifetime-monitoring technique for structural components and main bearings in wind turbines based on measured strain and virtual load sensors

Bruno Rodrigues Faria, Nikolay Dimitrov, Nikhil Sudhakaran, Matthias Stammler, Athanasios Kolios, W. Dheelibun Remigius, Xiaodong Zhang, and Asger Bech Abrahamsen

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Interactive discussion

Status: closed

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on wes-2025-233', Anonymous Referee #1, 21 Nov 2025
  • RC2: 'Comment on wes-2025-233', Anonymous Referee #2, 03 Dec 2025
  • AC1: 'Comment on wes-2025-233', Bruno Rodrigues Faria, 22 Jan 2026

Peer review completion

AR – Author's response | RR – Referee report | ED – Editor decision | EF – Editorial file upload
AR by Bruno Rodrigues Faria on behalf of the Authors (22 Jan 2026)  Author's response   Author's tracked changes   Manuscript 
ED: Referee Nomination & Report Request started (24 Jan 2026) by Shawn Sheng
RR by Anonymous Referee #1 (30 Jan 2026)
RR by Anonymous Referee #2 (08 Feb 2026)
ED: Publish subject to minor revisions (review by editor) (10 Feb 2026) by Shawn Sheng
AR by Bruno Rodrigues Faria on behalf of the Authors (20 Feb 2026)  Author's response   Author's tracked changes   Manuscript 
ED: Publish as is (23 Feb 2026) by Shawn Sheng
ED: Publish as is (25 Feb 2026) by Paul Fleming (Chief editor)
AR by Bruno Rodrigues Faria on behalf of the Authors (04 Mar 2026)
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Short summary
This study presents continuous lifetime assessments of wind turbine structural (tower) and rotating components (main bearings) over nearly a decade, combining controller data, calibrated load measurements, and a virtual load sensor at the tower bottom. The components' estimated lifetimes exceeded the design lifetime. Contrary to expectations, lower turbulence intensity at rated wind speed increased fatigue loads of the locating main bearing due to turbulence averaging.
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