Wind Energy Science
Wind Energy Science
WES
Articles | Volume 11, issue 9
Articles | Volume 11, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-3719-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-3719-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 11, issue 9
Research article
 | 
24 Sep 2026
Research article |  | 24 Sep 2026

SANDWake3D: a 3D parabolic RANS solver for atmospheric surface layers and turbine wakes

Lawrence Cheung, Prakash Mohan, Marc T. Henry de Frahan, Gopal R. Yalla, Alan Hsieh, Kenneth Brown, Nathaniel deVelder, Sam Kaufman-Martin, Marc Day, and Michael Sprague

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Short summary
Modeling turbine wakes is critical to maximizing wind farm energy production but is also challenging due to the complicated phenomena that must be accounted for, including wind shear, veer, atmospheric stratification, and overlapping wakes. Our work introduces a new, efficient method of modeling wakes which naturally captures these complex wake behaviors. We show that our wake modeling approach is as accurate as higher-fidelity methods, but with much less computational cost.
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