Articles | Volume 11, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-509-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-509-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Impact of atmospheric turbulence on performance and loads of wind turbines: knowledge gaps and research challenges
Johns Hopkins University, Ralph O'Connor Sustainable Energy Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
University at Albany, Atmospheric Sciences Research Center, Albany, NY, USA
Jacob Berg
DHI, Copenhagen, Denmark
Larry K. Berg
Pacific North West National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
Sue E. Haupt
NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
Xiaoli G. Larsén
Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde, Denmark
Joachim Peinke
University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
Richard J. A. M. Stevens
University of Twente, Entschede, the Netherlands
Paul Veers
National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, USA
Simon Watson
Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
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Cited
12 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Diurnal surface heat-flux forcing controls wind-farm performance, blockage, and gravity-wave formation M. Pasupula et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0334039
- Grand challenges in designing resilient wind energy systems in areas prone to tropical cyclones G. Deskos et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-2749-2026
- Modeling Multiscale Atmospheric Interactions in Wind-Farm Power Spectra Y. Liu & R. Stevens https://doi.org/10.1103/dsz3-zftt
- Doppler lidar gravity wave observations within North Sea wind farms S. Knoop et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3224/2/022006
- Impact of Stable Boundary Layer Dynamics on Wind Turbine Wake Characteristics: Insights from LES and Field Data at the WiValdi Wind Park L. Bührend et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3224/3/032042
- Modelling global offshore turbulence intensity including large-scale turbulence, stability and sea state X. Larsén et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-1853-2026
- How well can the Mann model describe typhoon turbulence? S. Müller et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-961-2026
- Time-varying wind-turbine wakes at high Reynolds numbers N. Wei et al. https://doi.org/10.1103/18jm-6bzj
- AI-Assisted Aerodynamic Enhancement in Low-Speed Wind Energy Harvesting: A Case Study on Archimedes Spiral Turbines E. Mohammadian Bishe et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2026.142029
- Low-frequency wind speed variations and their impact on wind farm performance Y. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0332176
- Reducing the number of wind turbine prototype measurement campaigns for power curve model validation using a model-validity predictor J. Murcia Leon et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2026.126122
- Extreme turbulence effects on wind turbine loads: A case study for the North China Plain using nacelle lidar F. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2026.125774
12 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Diurnal surface heat-flux forcing controls wind-farm performance, blockage, and gravity-wave formation M. Pasupula et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0334039
- Grand challenges in designing resilient wind energy systems in areas prone to tropical cyclones G. Deskos et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-2749-2026
- Modeling Multiscale Atmospheric Interactions in Wind-Farm Power Spectra Y. Liu & R. Stevens https://doi.org/10.1103/dsz3-zftt
- Doppler lidar gravity wave observations within North Sea wind farms S. Knoop et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3224/2/022006
- Impact of Stable Boundary Layer Dynamics on Wind Turbine Wake Characteristics: Insights from LES and Field Data at the WiValdi Wind Park L. Bührend et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/3224/3/032042
- Modelling global offshore turbulence intensity including large-scale turbulence, stability and sea state X. Larsén et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-1853-2026
- How well can the Mann model describe typhoon turbulence? S. Müller et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-11-961-2026
- Time-varying wind-turbine wakes at high Reynolds numbers N. Wei et al. https://doi.org/10.1103/18jm-6bzj
- AI-Assisted Aerodynamic Enhancement in Low-Speed Wind Energy Harvesting: A Case Study on Archimedes Spiral Turbines E. Mohammadian Bishe et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2026.142029
- Low-frequency wind speed variations and their impact on wind farm performance Y. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0332176
- Reducing the number of wind turbine prototype measurement campaigns for power curve model validation using a model-validity predictor J. Murcia Leon et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2026.126122
- Extreme turbulence effects on wind turbine loads: A case study for the North China Plain using nacelle lidar F. Guo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2026.125774
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 22 Aug 2026
Short summary
Most human activity happens in the layer of the atmosphere which extends a few hundred meters to a couple of kilometers above the surface of the Earth. The flow in this layer is turbulent. Turbulence impacts wind power production and turbine lifespan. Optimizing wind turbine performance requires understanding how turbulence affects both wind turbine efficiency and reliability. This paper points to gaps in our knowledge that need to be addressed to effectively utilize wind resources.
Most human activity happens in the layer of the atmosphere which extends a few hundred meters to...
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