Articles | Volume 9, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-1105-2024
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-1105-2024
Research article
 | 
08 May 2024
Research article |  | 08 May 2024

Optimizing offshore wind export cable routing using GIS-based environmental heat maps

Joni Thomas Backstrom, Nicholas Mark Warden, and Colleen Marie Walsh

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Thematic area: Electrical conversion, integration and impacts | Topic: Electrical conversion, grid integration, and Wind-to-X
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Cited articles

Abramic, A., García Mendoza, G., and Haroun, R.: Introducing offshore wind energy in the sea space: Canary Islands case study developed under Maritime Spatial Planning principles, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 145, 111119, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111119, 2021. 
Albert, L., Deschamps, F., Jolivet, A., Olivier, F., Chauvaud, L., and Chauvaud, S.: A current synthesis on the effects of electric and magnetic fields emitted by submarine power cables on invertebrates, Mar. Environ. Res., 159, 104958, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.104958, 2020. 
Backstrom, J. T.: Storm-driven sedimentary changes on the shoreface of a nourished beach, Kure Beach, North Carolina, MS thesis, University of North Carolina Wilmington, United States, 49 pp., 2002. 
Bergstrom, L., Kautsky, L., Malm, T., Rosenberg R., Wahlberg M., Åstrand, N., Capetillo, A., and Dan Wilhelmsson, D.: Effects of Offshore Wind Farms on Marine Wildlife – A Generalized Impact Assessment, Environ. Res. Lett., 9, 1–12, 2014. 
Berkenhagen, J., Döring, R., Fock, H. O., Kloppmann, M. H. F., Pedersen, S. A., and Schulze, T.: Decision bias in marine spatial planning of offshore wind farms: Problems of singular versus cumulative assessments of economic impacts on fisheries, Mar. Policy, 34, 733–736, 2010. 
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Short summary
We used desktop studies, geographic information system mapping, modeling and environmental impact assessment techniques to identify optimal offshore wind cable routes for a proposed offshore wind energy area off the coast of North Carolina by navigating around sensitive or hazardous seabed areas.  Similar methods can be adopted by other offshore industries during early planning phases to improve consenting; reduce costs; and, importantly, minimize impacts on marine environments. 
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