Articles | Volume 7, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-2003-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-2003-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
12 Oct 2022
Research article |
| 12 Oct 2022
Current status and grand challenges for small wind turbine technology
Alessandro Bianchini
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Industrial Engineering, Università degli Studi di
Firenze, 50139 Florence, Italy
Small Wind Turbine Technical Committee, European Academy of Wind
Energy (EAWE), Oldenburg, Germany
Galih Bangga
Institute of Aerodynamics and Gas Dynamics, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
Small Wind Turbine Technical Committee, European Academy of Wind
Energy (EAWE), Oldenburg, Germany
Ian Baring-Gould
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
Alessandro Croce
Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Aerospaziali, Politecnico di
Milano, 20156 Milan, Italy
Small Wind Turbine Technical Committee, European Academy of Wind
Energy (EAWE), Oldenburg, Germany
José Ignacio Cruz
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y
Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
Rick Damiani
RRD Engineering, LLC, Arvada, Colorado 80007, USA
Gareth Erfort
Department of Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering, Stellenbosch
University, 7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa
Small Wind Turbine Technical Committee, European Academy of Wind
Energy (EAWE), Oldenburg, Germany
Carlos Simao Ferreira
Delft University of Technology, Wind Energy, 2629HS Delft, the
Netherlands
Small Wind Turbine Technical Committee, European Academy of Wind
Energy (EAWE), Oldenburg, Germany
David Infield
Electronic and Electrical Engineering Department, University of Strathclyde, G11XW Glasgow, Scotland
Christian Navid Nayeri
Hermann-Föttinger-Institut, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
Small Wind Turbine Technical Committee, European Academy of Wind
Energy (EAWE), Oldenburg, Germany
George Pechlivanoglou
Eunice Energy Group, 15125 Athens, Greece
Mark Runacres
Faculty of Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
Small Wind Turbine Technical Committee, European Academy of Wind
Energy (EAWE), Oldenburg, Germany
Gerard Schepers
TNO Energy Transition, 1755LE Petten, the Netherlands
Institute of Engineering, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, 9747AS Groningen, the Netherlands
Brent Summerville
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
David Wood
Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University
of Calgary, T2N1N4 Calgary, Canada
Alice Orrell
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
Viewed
Total article views: 4,632 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 22 Jun 2022)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,890 | 1,691 | 51 | 4,632 | 46 | 27 |
- HTML: 2,890
- PDF: 1,691
- XML: 51
- Total: 4,632
- BibTeX: 46
- EndNote: 27
Total article views: 3,013 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 12 Oct 2022)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,102 | 877 | 34 | 3,013 | 36 | 23 |
- HTML: 2,102
- PDF: 877
- XML: 34
- Total: 3,013
- BibTeX: 36
- EndNote: 23
Total article views: 1,619 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 22 Jun 2022)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 788 | 814 | 17 | 1,619 | 10 | 4 |
- HTML: 788
- PDF: 814
- XML: 17
- Total: 1,619
- BibTeX: 10
- EndNote: 4
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 4,632 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 4,438 with geography defined
and 194 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 3,013 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 2,897 with geography defined
and 116 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 1,619 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 1,541 with geography defined
and 78 with unknown origin.
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Cited
6 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Analysis of urban turbulence intensity observed by Beijing 325-m tower and comparison with the IEC turbulence model for small wind turbines Z. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.jweia.2023.105511
- The energy crisis as a challenge of small scale wind energy in urban areas- The case of Greece E. Tzen et al. 10.1088/1755-1315/1196/1/012004
- Assessing the Performance of Small Wind Energy Systems Using Regional Weather Data W. Früh 10.3390/en16083500
- Load Characteristics and Extreme Response of Straight-Bladed Floating VAWT Using a Fully Coupled Model W. Luo et al. 10.3390/jmse11010185
- Experimental Assessment of the Poststall Performance of Two Highly Cambered Airfoils B. Emmerson & D. Verstraete 10.2514/1.C037357
- Design Loads in Small Wind Turbines: a Detailed Comparison Between Pitch and Stall Regulation F. Papi et al. 10.1088/1742-6596/2385/1/012120
5 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Analysis of urban turbulence intensity observed by Beijing 325-m tower and comparison with the IEC turbulence model for small wind turbines Z. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.jweia.2023.105511
- The energy crisis as a challenge of small scale wind energy in urban areas- The case of Greece E. Tzen et al. 10.1088/1755-1315/1196/1/012004
- Assessing the Performance of Small Wind Energy Systems Using Regional Weather Data W. Früh 10.3390/en16083500
- Load Characteristics and Extreme Response of Straight-Bladed Floating VAWT Using a Fully Coupled Model W. Luo et al. 10.3390/jmse11010185
- Experimental Assessment of the Poststall Performance of Two Highly Cambered Airfoils B. Emmerson & D. Verstraete 10.2514/1.C037357
1 citations as recorded by crossref.
Discussed (final revised paper)
Latest update: 25 Sep 2023
Download
- Article
(6219 KB) - Full-text XML
Short summary
The paper is part of the Grand Challenges Papers for Wind Energy. It provides a status of small wind turbine technology in terms of technical maturity, diffusion, and cost. Then, five grand challenges that are thought to be key to fostering the development of the technology are proposed. To tackle these challenges, a series of unknowns and gaps are first identified and discussed. Improvement areas are highlighted, within which 10 key enabling actions are finally proposed to the wind community.
The paper is part of the Grand Challenges Papers for Wind Energy. It provides a status of small...
