Articles | Volume 10, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2079-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2079-2025
Research article
 | 
25 Sep 2025
Research article |  | 25 Sep 2025

Effect of blockage on wind turbine power and wake development

Olivier Ndindayino, Augustin Puel, and Johan Meyers

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Wind farm blockage in convective boundary layers
Olivier Ndindayino and Johan Meyers
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2026-49,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2026-49, 2026
Preprint under review for WES
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Cited articles

Allaerts, D. and Meyers, J.: Boundary-layer development and gravity waves in conventionally neutral wind farms, J. Fluid Mech., 814, 95–130, https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.11, 2017. a, b, c, d, e
Allaerts, D. and Meyers, J.: Gravity Waves and Wind-Farm Efficiency in Neutral and Stable Conditions, Bound.-Lay. Meteorol., 166, 269–299, 2018. a, b, c
Allaerts, D. and Meyers, J.: Sensitivity and feedback of wind-farm-induced gravity waves, J. Fluid Mech., 862, 990–1028, https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.969, 2019. a, b, c, d
Bleeg, J. and Montavon, C.: Blockage effects in a single row of wind turbines, J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 2265, 022001, https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2265/2/022001, 2022. a
Bleeg, J., Purcell, M., Ruisi, R., and Traiger, E.: Wind Farm Blockage and the Consequences of Neglecting Its Impact on Energy Production, Energies, 11, 1609, https://doi.org/10.3390/en11061609, 2018. a
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We study how flow blockage improves wind-farm efficiency using large-eddy simulations and develop an analytical model to better predict turbine power under blockage. We find that blockage enhances turbine power and thrust by creating a favourable pressure drop across the row, reducing near-wake deficit while inducing an unfavourable pressure increase downstream, which has minimal direct impact on far-wake development.
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