Wind Energy Science
Wind Energy Science
WES
Last 12 months
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02 Jan 2025
Functional specifications and testing requirements for grid-forming offshore wind power plants
Sulav Ghimire, Gabriel Miguel Gomes Guerreiro, Kanakesh Vatta Kkuni, Emerson David Guest, Kim Høj Jensen, Guangya Yang, and Xiongfei Wang
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 1–15, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1-2025, 2025
Final revised paper published in WES (12 comments)
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13 May 2025
The multiple understandings of wind turbine noise: reviewing scientific attempts at handling uncertainty
Julia K. Kirkegaard, Tom H. Cronin, Sophie Nyborg, and Daniel N. Frantzen
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 907–924, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-907-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-907-2025, 2025
Final revised paper published in WES (11 comments)
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29 Oct 2024
Converging profile relationships for offshore wind speed and turbulence intensity
Gus Jeans
Wind Energ. Sci., 9, 2001–2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-2001-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-2001-2024, 2024
Final revised paper published in WES (11 comments)
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07 Apr 2025
Flight guidance concept for the launching and landing phase of a flying wing used in an airborne wind energy system
Dominik Felix Duda, Hendrik Fuest, Tobias Islam, and Dieter Moormann
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 661–678, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-661-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-661-2025, 2025
Final revised paper published in WES (10 comments)
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08 Jul 2024
Comparison of different cross-sectional approaches for the structural design and optimization of composite wind turbine blades based on beam models
Edgar Werthen, Daniel Hardt, Claudio Balzani, and Christian Hühne
Wind Energ. Sci., 9, 1465–1481, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-1465-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-1465-2024, 2024
Final revised paper published in WES (10 comments)
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30 Apr 2025
Load case selection for finite-element simulations of wind turbine pitch bearings and hubs
Matthias Stammler and Florian Schleich
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 813–826, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-813-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-813-2025, 2025
Final revised paper published in WES (9 comments)
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11 Apr 2025
On the influence of cross-sectional deformations on the aerodynamic performance of wind turbine rotor blades
Julia Gebauer, Felix Prigge, Dominik Ahrens, Lars Wein, and Claudio Balzani
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 679–694, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-679-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-679-2025, 2025
Final revised paper published in WES (9 comments)
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12 Dec 2024
Brief communication: A note on the variance of wind speed and turbulence intensity
Cristina Lozej Archer
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-159,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-159, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for WES (discussion: closed, 9 comments)
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19 Mar 2025
Enabling efficient sizing of hybrid power plants: a surrogate-based approach to energy management system modeling
Charbel Assaad, Juan Pablo Murcia Leon, Julian Quick, Tuhfe Göçmen, Sami Ghazouani, and Kaushik Das
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 559–578, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-559-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-559-2025, 2025
Final revised paper published in WES (8 comments)
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03 Feb 2025
Periods of constant wind speed: how long do they last in the turbulent atmospheric boundary layer?
Daniela Moreno, Jan Friedrich, Matthias Wächter, Jörg Schwarte, and Joachim Peinke
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 347–360, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-347-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-347-2025, 2025
Final revised paper published in WES (8 comments)
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18 Dec 2024
Optimal Flight Pattern Debate for Airborne Wind Energy Systems: Circular or Figure-of-eight?
Dylan Eijkelhof, Nicola Rossi, and Roland Schmehl
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-139,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-139, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for WES (discussion: final response, 8 comments)
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09 Dec 2024
A small-scale and autonomous testbed for three-line delta kites applied to airborne wind energy
Francisco DeLosRíos-Navarrete, Jorge González-García, Iván Castro-Fernández, and Gonzalo Sánchez-Arriaga
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-170,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-170, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for WES (discussion: closed, 8 comments)
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19 Nov 2024
Operational wind plants increase planetary boundary layer height: An observational study
Aliza Abraham, Matteo Puccioni, Arianna Jordan, Emina Maric, Nicola Bodini, Nicholas Hamilton, Stefano Letizia, Petra M. Klein, Elizabeth Smith, Sonia Wharton, Jonathan Gero, Jamey D. Jacob, Raghavendra Krishnamurthy, Rob K. Newsom, Mikhail Pekour, and Patrick Moriarty
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-148,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-148, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for WES (discussion: final response, 8 comments)
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14 Nov 2024
Power curve modelling and scaling of fixed-wing ground-generation airborne wind energy systems
Rishikesh Joshi, Roland Schmehl, and Michiel Kruijff
Wind Energ. Sci., 9, 2195–2215, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-2195-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-2195-2024, 2024
Final revised paper published in WES (8 comments)
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04 Nov 2024
Quantifying Tropical Cyclone-Generated Waves in Extreme-Value-Derived Design for Offshore Wind
Sarah McElman, Amrit Verma, and Andrew Goupee
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-129,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-129, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for WES (discussion: closed, 8 comments)
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07 May 2025
An analytical formulation for turbulence kinetic energy added by wind turbines based on large-eddy simulation
Ali Khanjari, Asim Feroz, and Cristina L. Archer
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 887–905, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-887-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-887-2025, 2025
Final revised paper published in WES (7 comments)
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05 Feb 2025
Semi-analytical methodology for fretting wear evaluation of unlubricated pitch bearing raceways under operative and non-operative periods
David Cubillas, Mireia Olave, Iñigo Llavori, Ibai Ulacia, Jon Larrañaga, Aitor Zurutuza, and Arkaitz Lopez
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 401–415, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-401-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-401-2025, 2025
Final revised paper published in WES (7 comments)
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23 Jan 2025
Challenges in detecting wind turbine power loss: the effects of blade erosion, turbulence, and time averaging
Tahir H. Malik and Christian Bak
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 227–243, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-227-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-227-2025, 2025
Final revised paper published in WES (7 comments)
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29 Nov 2024
Measurement of the turning behaviour of tethered membrane wings using automated flight manoeuvres
Christoph Elfert, Dietmar Göhlich, and Roland Schmehl
Wind Energ. Sci., 9, 2261–2282, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-2261-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-2261-2024, 2024
Final revised paper published in WES (7 comments)
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06 Nov 2024
Grand challenges of wind energy science – meeting the needs and services of the power system
Mark O'Malley, Hannele Holttinen, Nicolaos Cutululis, Til Kristian Vrana, Jennifer King, Vahan Gevorgian, Xiongfei Wang, Fatemeh Rajaei-Najafabadi, and Andreas Hadjileonidas
Wind Energ. Sci., 9, 2087–2112, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-2087-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-2087-2024, 2024
Final revised paper published in WES (7 comments)
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28 Oct 2024
Gulf of Mexico Hurricane Risk Assessment for Offshore Wind Energy Sites
Lauren A. Mudd and Peter J. Vickery
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-123,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-123, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for WES (discussion: final response, 7 comments)
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17 Oct 2024
Near wake behavior of an asymmetric wind turbine rotor
Pin Chun Yen, Wei Yu, and Fulvio Scarano
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-122,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-122, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for WES (discussion: final response, 7 comments)
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28 Jun 2024
Probabilistic lifetime extension assessment using mid-term data: Lillgrund wind farm case study
Shadan Mozafari, Jennifer Rinker, Paul Veers, and Katherine Dykes
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-68,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-68, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for WES (discussion: final response, 7 comments)
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22 Apr 2025
Tall wind profile validation of ERA5, NORA3, and NEWA datasets using lidar observations
Etienne Cheynet, Jan Markus Diezel, Hilde Haakenstad, Øyvind Breivik, Alfredo Peña, and Joachim Reuder
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 733–754, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-733-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-733-2025, 2025
Final revised paper published in WES (6 comments)
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14 Apr 2025
System design and scaling trends in airborne wind energy demonstrated for a ground-generation concept
Rishikesh Joshi, Dominic von Terzi, and Roland Schmehl
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 695–718, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-695-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-695-2025, 2025
Final revised paper published in WES (6 comments)
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07 Mar 2025
A machine-learning-based approach for active monitoring of blade pitch misalignment in wind turbines
Sabrina Milani, Jessica Leoni, Stefano Cacciola, Alessandro Croce, and Mara Tanelli
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 497–510, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-497-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-497-2025, 2025
Final revised paper published in WES (6 comments)
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21 Feb 2025
Wind Turbine Gearbox Operation Monitoring Using High-Resolution Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing
Linqing Luo, Unai Gutierrez Santiago, and Yuxin Wu
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-1,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-1, 2025
Revised manuscript under review for WES (discussion: final response, 6 comments)
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13 Feb 2025
Three-year database of atmospheric measurements combined with associated operating parameters from a wind farm of 2MW turbines and rotor geometry
Caroline Braud, Pascal Keravec, Ingrid Neunaber, Sandrine Aubrun, Jean-Luc Attie, Pierre Durand, Philippe Ricaud, Jean-François Georgis, Emmanuel Leclerc, Lise Mourre, and Claire Taymans
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-12,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-12, 2025
Revised manuscript under review for WES (discussion: final response, 6 comments)
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11 Feb 2025
Data-Driven Surrogate Models for Real-Time Fatigue Monitoring of Chain Mooring Lines in Floating Wind Turbines
Azélice Ludot, Thor Heine Snedker, Athanasios Kolios, and Ilmas Bayati
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-162,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-162, 2025
Revised manuscript under review for WES (discussion: final response, 6 comments)
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24 Jan 2025
LIDAR-assisted nonlinear output regulation of wind turbines for fatigue load reduction
Robert H. Moldenhauer and Robert Schmid
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-184,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-184, 2025
Revised manuscript under review for WES (discussion: final response, 6 comments)
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14 Jan 2025
Investigation into Instantaneous Centre of Rotation for Enhanced Design of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines
Katarzyna Patryniak, Maurizio Collu, Jason Jonkman, Matthew Hall, Garrett Barter, Daniel Zalkind, and Andrea Coraddu
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-167,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-167, 2025
Revised manuscript under review for WES (discussion: final response, 6 comments)
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09 Dec 2024
Modeling the effects of active wake mixing on wake behavior through large scale coherent structures
Lawrence Cheung, Gopal Yalla, Prakash Mohan, Alan Hsieh, Kenneth Brown, Nathaniel deVelder, Daniel Houck, and Marc Henry de Frahan
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-155,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-155, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for WES (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
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25 Nov 2024
Leveraging Signal Processing and Machine Learning for Automated Fault Detection in Wind Turbine Drivetrains
Faras Jamil, Cédric Peeters, Timothy Verstraeten, and Jan Helsen
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-114,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-114, 2024
Revised manuscript under review for WES (discussion: final response, 6 comments)
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15 Nov 2024
Experimental Validation of Parked Loads for a Floating Vertical Axis Wind Turbine: Wind-Wave Basin Tests
Md Sanower Hossain and D. Todd Griffith
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-156,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-156, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for WES (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
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29 Oct 2024
Full-scale wind turbine performance assessment using the turbine performance integral (TPI) method: a study of aerodynamic degradation and operational influences
Tahir H. Malik and Christian Bak
Wind Energ. Sci., 9, 2017–2037, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-2017-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-2017-2024, 2024
Final revised paper published in WES (6 comments)
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16 Oct 2024
Low-uncertainty wave tank testing and validation of numerical methods for floating offshore wind turbines
Christian W. Schulz, Stefan Netzband, Philip D. Knipper, and Moustafa Abdel-Maksoud
Wind Energ. Sci., 9, 1941–1965, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-1941-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-1941-2024, 2024
Final revised paper published in WES (6 comments)
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16 Sep 2024
Investigating the interactions between wakes and floating wind turbines using FAST.Farm
Lucas Carmo, Jason Jonkman, and Regis Thedin
Wind Energ. Sci., 9, 1827–1847, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-1827-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-1827-2024, 2024
Final revised paper published in WES (6 comments)
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26 Aug 2024
Large-eddy simulation of an atmospheric bore and associated gravity wave effects on wind farm performance in the Southern Great Plains
Adam S. Wise, Robert S. Arthur, Aliza Abraham, Sonia Wharton, Raghavendra Krishnamurthy, Rob Newsom, Brian Hirth, John Schroeder, Patrick Moriarty, and Fotini K. Chow
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-84,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-84, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for WES (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
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20 Aug 2024
Uncertainty quantification of structural blade parameters for the aeroelastic damping of wind turbines: a code-to-code comparison
Hendrik Verdonck, Oliver Hach, Jelmer D. Polman, Otto Schramm, Claudio Balzani, Sarah Müller, and Johannes Rieke
Wind Energ. Sci., 9, 1747–1763, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-1747-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-1747-2024, 2024
Final revised paper published in WES (6 comments)
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15 Aug 2024
Mesoscale weather systems and associated potential wind power variations in a midlatitude sea strait (Kattegat)
Jérôme Neirynck, Jonas Van de Walle, Ruben Borgers, Sebastiaan Jamaer, Johan Meyers, Ad Stoffelen, and Nicole P. M. van Lipzig
Wind Energ. Sci., 9, 1695–1711, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-1695-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-1695-2024, 2024
Final revised paper published in WES (6 comments)
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16 Jul 2024
A New Gridded Offshore Wind Profile Product for US Coasts Using Machine Learning and Satellite Observations
James Frech, Korak Saha, Paige D. Lavin, Huai-Min Zhang, James Reagan, and Brandon Fung
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-77,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-77, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for WES (discussion: closed, 6 comments)
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14 Jun 2024
Swinging motion of a kite with suspended control unit flying turning manoeuvres
Mark Schelbergen and Roland Schmehl
Wind Energ. Sci., 9, 1323–1344, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-1323-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-1323-2024, 2024
Final revised paper published in WES (6 comments)
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31 May 2024
Dynamic analysis of the tensegrity structure of a rotary airborne wind energy machine
Gonzalo Sánchez-Arriaga, Álvaro Cerrillo-Vacas, Daniel Unterweger, and Christof Beaupoil
Wind Energ. Sci., 9, 1273–1287, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-1273-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-1273-2024, 2024
Final revised paper published in WES (6 comments)
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30 May 2024
Wind tunnel investigations of an individual pitch control strategy for wind farm power optimization
Franz V. Mühle, Florian M. Heckmeier, Filippo Campagnolo, and Christian Breitsamter
Wind Energ. Sci., 9, 1251–1271, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-1251-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-1251-2024, 2024
Final revised paper published in WES (6 comments)
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27 May 2025
Analyzing the performance of vertical wind profilers in rain events
Adriel J. Carvalho, Francisco L. Albuquerque Neto, and Denisson Q. Oliveira
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 971–986, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-971-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-971-2025, 2025
Final revised paper published in WES (5 comments)
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06 May 2025
Gaussian mixture autoencoder for uncertainty-aware damage identification in a floating offshore wind turbine
Ana Fernandez-Navamuel, Nicolas Gorostidi, David Pardo, Vincenzo Nava, and Eleni Chatzi
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 857–885, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-857-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-857-2025, 2025
Final revised paper published in WES (5 comments)
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30 Apr 2025
Coleman-free aero-elastic stability methods for three- and two-bladed floating wind turbines
Bogdan Pamfil, Henrik Bredmose, and Taeseong Kim
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 827–856, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-827-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-827-2025, 2025
Final revised paper published in WES (5 comments)
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20 Mar 2025
Exploring noise annoyance and sound quality for airborne wind energy systems: insights from a listening experiment
Helena Schmidt, Renatto M. Yupa-Villanueva, Daniele Ragni, Roberto Merino-Martínez, Piet J. R. van Gool, and Roland Schmehl
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 579–595, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-579-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-579-2025, 2025
Final revised paper published in WES (5 comments)
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12 Feb 2025
Wind turbine wake detection and characterisation utilising blade loads and SCADA data: a generalised approach
Piotr Fojcik, Edward Hart, and Emil Hedevang
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-17,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-17, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: final response, 5 comments)
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06 Feb 2025
Comparison of wind-farm control strategies under realistic offshore wind conditions: wake quantities of interest
Kenneth Brown, Gopal Yalla, Lawrence Cheung, Joeri Frederik, Dan Houck, Nate deVelder, Eric Simley, and Paul Fleming
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-191,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-191, 2025
Revised manuscript under review for WES (discussion: final response, 5 comments)
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