Wind Energy Science
Wind Energy Science
WES
The following lists the preprints and final revised papers published within the last 90 days.
14 Nov 2025
Non-linear interaction between a synchronous generator and grid-forming-controlled wind turbines – inertial effect enhancement and oscillation mitigation
Chinmayi Wagh, Johan Boukhenfouf, Frédéric Colas, Luis Rouco, and Xavier Guillaud
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2597–2614, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2597-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2597-2025, 2025
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14 Nov 2025
Sensitivity analysis of numerical modeling input parameters on wind turbine loads in deterministic transient load cases
Will Wiley, Jason Jonkman, and Amy Robertson
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-228,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-228, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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14 Nov 2025
A framework for the superposition of wind turbines wake properties
Ali Khanjari and Cristina Archer
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-220,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-220, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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13 Nov 2025
FastLE: a new load extrapolation method for site-specific wind turbines using the load distribution meta-model
Pengfei Zhang, Shanshan Guo, Zuoxia Xing, Qingqi Zhao, and Qiang Jin
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2577–2595, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2577-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2577-2025, 2025
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13 Nov 2025
Multi-Scale Mapping of Sectional Stiffness Coupling in IEA 10MW,15 MW, and 22 MW Wind-Turbine Blades
Abhishek Sharma
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-230,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-230, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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13 Nov 2025
Evaluating Yawed Turbine Transfer Functions from SCADA Data
Aidan Gettemy, Luke Abbatessa, and Nathan L. Post
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-223,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-223, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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12 Nov 2025
Simulating run-to-failure SCADA time series to enhance wind turbine fault detection and prognosis
Ali Eftekhari Milani, Donatella Zappalá, Francesco Castellani, and Simon Watson
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2563–2576, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2563-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2563-2025, 2025
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12 Nov 2025
Digital Twin – Driven Machine Learning Optimization Framework for Multizone Curing Control in Wind Turbine Blade Manufacturing
Sahil Kamath, Niloufar Adab, Rajat Srivastava, Zhiqi Mao, Ehsan Mehrdad, Yingjian Liu, Stephen Nolet, Joseph Wilson, Xu Chen, Hongbing Lu, and Dong Qian
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-226,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-226, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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11 Nov 2025
Computationally efficient aerodynamic modelling of swept wind turbine blades using coupled near-wake and vortex cylinder models
Ang Li, Mac Gaunaa, and Georg Raimund Pirrung
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2515–2550, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2515-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2515-2025, 2025
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11 Nov 2025
Brief communication: Enhanced representation of the power spectra of wind speed in convection-permitting models
Nathalia Correa-Sánchez, Xiaoli Guo Larsén, Giorgia Fosser, Eleonora Dallan, Marco Borga, and Francesco Marra
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2551–2561, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2551-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2551-2025, 2025
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11 Nov 2025
Continuous lifetime monitoring technique for structural components and main bearings in wind turbines based on measured strain and virtual load sensors
Bruno Rodrigues Faria, Nikolay Dimitrov, Nikhil Sudhakaran, Matthias Stammler, Athanasios Kolios, W. Dheelibun Remigius, Xiaodong Zhang, and Asger Bech Abrahamsen
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-233,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-233, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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07 Nov 2025
Review of Deep Reinforcement Learning for Offshore Wind Farm Maintenance Planning
Marco Borsotti, Xiaoli Jiang, and Rudy R. Negenborn
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-222,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-222, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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06 Nov 2025
Damage identification on a large-scale wind turbine rotor blade using sample-based deterministic model updating
Marlene Wolniak, Jasper Ragnitz, Clemens Jonscher, Benedikt Hofmeister, Helge Jauken, Clemens Hübler, and Raimund Rolfes
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-219,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-219, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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05 Nov 2025
Analytical yaw models: a two-dimensional comparison
Craig Thompson, Kevin Gouder, and J. Michael Graham
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-218,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-218, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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04 Nov 2025
Extension of the Langevin power curve analysis by separation per operational state
Christian Wiedemann, Henrik Bette, Matthias Wächter, Jan A. Freund, Thomas Guhr, and Joachim Peinke
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2489–2497, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2489-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2489-2025, 2025
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04 Nov 2025
Investigating lab-scaled offshore wind aerodynamic testing failure and developing solutions for early anomaly detections
Yuksel R. Alkarem, Ian Ammerman, Kimberly Huguenard, Richard W. Kimball, Babak Hejrati, Amrit Verma, Amir R. Nejad, Reza Hashemi, and Stephan Grilli
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2475–2488, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2475-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2475-2025, 2025
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04 Nov 2025
Blade surface pressure and drag measurement of a blade section on a 4.3 MW turbine with trailing-edge flaps
Helge Aagaard Madsen, Alejandro Gomez Gonzalez, Thanasis Barlas, Anders Smærup Olsen, Sigurd Brabæk Ildvedsen, and Andreas Fischer
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2499–2513, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2499-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2499-2025, 2025
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04 Nov 2025
Dual-lidar profilers for measuring atmospheric turbulence
Maxime Thiébaut and Neil Luxcey
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-179,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-179, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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04 Nov 2025
Fostering open science through a digital open innovation platform – structural health monitoring case study
Sarah Barber, Shun Wang, Francesc Pozo, Yolanda Vidal, Marcela Rodrigues Machado, Amanda Aryda Silva Rodrigues de Sousa, Jefferson da Silva Coelho, Xukai Zhang, Yao-Teng Hu, Arash Noshadravan, Theodoros Varouxis, Mahmoud Abdelhak, Ramin Ghiasi, and Abdollah Malekjafarian
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-122,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-122, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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30 Oct 2025
Research on the Influence of Blade Tip Trailing-Edge Serrated Structure on Wind Turbine Noise Reduction and Performance
Yuan Zhang, Tao Han, Patrick Rainey, Pingling Sun, and Jun Ge
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-119,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-119, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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30 Oct 2025
Assessing Inter-Model Agreement in Convection-Permitting Simulations of Extreme Winds for Wind Energy Applications
Nathalia Correa-Sánchez, Xiaoli Guo Larsén, Eleonora Dallan, Marco Borga, and Fracesco Marra
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-172,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-172, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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30 Oct 2025
Geometric Nonlinear Analysis of Timoshenko Beams with Variable Cross-Section Using Co-rotational Formulation
Xin Guo, Hailiang Feng, Jiajun Hou, Yanpei Gao, Dongsheng Li, and Peng Guo
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-180,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-180, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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30 Oct 2025
A Decision Support System for the Continuous Economic Evaluation of Wind Farms
Alessandro Kerr, Marcus Wiens, and Rupp Carriveau
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-175,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-175, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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30 Oct 2025
Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis for Proposed Areas for Offshore Wind Implementation with Monte Carlo Method
Cristina Mata, Daniel Romero, and Niels Cornelis Adema
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-188,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-188, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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30 Oct 2025
Spatio-temporal heterogeneity of the wind resources over a deciduous forest in the U.S. Southeast
Matteo Puccioni, Sonia Wharton, Stephan F. J. De Wekker, Robert S. Arthur, Tianyi Li, Ye Liu, Sha Feng, Kyle Pressel, Raj K. Rai, Larry K. Berg, and Jerome D. Fast
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-215,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-215, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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30 Oct 2025
Flow Field Analysis of a Leading-Edge Inflatable Kite Rigid Scale Model Using Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry
Jelle Agatho Wilhelm Poland, Erik Fritz, and Roland Schmehl
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-217,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-217, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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29 Oct 2025
Spectral proper orthogonal decomposition of active wake mixing dynamics in a stable atmospheric boundary layer
Gopal R. Yalla, Kenneth Brown, Lawrence Cheung, Dan Houck, Nathaniel deVelder, and Nicholas Hamilton
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2449–2474, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2449-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2449-2025, 2025
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29 Oct 2025
Wind resources of southeast Australia during peak electricity demand days
Claire L. Vincent, Adam Nahar, and Kelvin Say
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2435–2447, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2435-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2435-2025, 2025
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29 Oct 2025
Turbulence Distortion Matters in Predicting Inflow Turbulence Noise of Future Wind Turbines
Özgür Yalçın, Andrea Piccolo, Riccardo Zamponi, Daniele Ragni, and Roberto Merino-Martinez
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-214,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-214, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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28 Oct 2025
Synchronized Helix wake mixing control
Aemilius A. W. van Vondelen, Marion Coquelet, Sachin T. Navalkar, and Jan-Willem van Wingerden
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2411–2433, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2411-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2411-2025, 2025
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24 Oct 2025
Building a diverse and equitable distributed wind workforce: a strategic approach to collaborator selection
Kendall Parker, Kamila Kazimierczuk, Micah Taylor, Danielle Preziuso, and Andrew White
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2351–2363, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2351-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2351-2025, 2025
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24 Oct 2025
Influence of simple terrain on the spatial variability of a low-level jet and wind farm performance in the AWAKEN field campaign
William C. Radünz, Bruno Carmo, Julie K. Lundquist, Stefano Letizia, Aliza Abraham, Adam S. Wise, Miguel Sanchez Gomez, Nicholas Hamilton, Raj K. Rai, and Pedro S. Peixoto
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2365–2393, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2365-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2365-2025, 2025
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24 Oct 2025
The influence of local winds on wind power characteristics in a High Arctic valley
Matthias Henkies, Knut Vilhelm Høyland, Aleksey Shestov, and Anna Sjöblom
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2395–2409, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2395-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2395-2025, 2025
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24 Oct 2025
Reliability and O&M key performance indicators of onshore and offshore wind turbines based on field-data analysis
Julia Walgern, Nils Stratmann, Martin Horn, Nathalene W. Y. Then, Moritz Menzel, Fraser Anderson, Athanasios Kolios, and Katharina Fischer
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-212,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-212, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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24 Oct 2025
PhyWakeNet: a dynamic wake model accounting for aerodynamic force oscillations
Xiaohao Liu, Zhaobin Li, and Xiaolei Yang
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-189,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-189, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 2 comments)
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22 Oct 2025
Airborne wind energy system test bench electrical emulator
Carolina Nicolás-Martín, David Santos-Martín, Francisco DeLosRíos-Navarrete, and Jorge González-García
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2279–2297, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2279-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2279-2025, 2025
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22 Oct 2025
Disentangling wake and projection effects in the aerodynamics of wind turbines with curved blades
Ang Li, Mac Gaunaa, Georg Raimund Pirrung, and Kenneth Lønbæk
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2299–2349, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2299-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2299-2025, 2025
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22 Oct 2025
Bayesian uncertainty quantification of engineering models for wind-farm atmosphere interaction
Frederik Aerts, Koen Devesse, and Johan Meyers
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-196,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-196, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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21 Oct 2025
Dynamic induction control for mitigation of wake-induced power losses: a wind tunnel study under different inflow conditions
Manuel Alejandro Zúñiga Inestroza, Paul Hulsman, Vlaho Petrović, and Martin Kühn
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2257–2278, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2257-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2257-2025, 2025
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21 Oct 2025
Wind tunnel study of yawed porous discs subjected to veered inflow
Shantanu Purohit, Haoyuan Sun, Andrea Sciacchitano, and Wei Yu
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-185,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-185, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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20 Oct 2025
Comparing atmospheric boundary layer heights from vertical profiling scanning lidars to ERA5 and WRF
Cristina Mulet-Benzo, Andrew Black, and Julia Gottschall
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-155,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-155, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 3 comments)
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20 Oct 2025
Large Eddy Simulation of Thermally Stratified Atmospheric Boundary Layers with a Lattice Boltzmann Method
Henry Korb, Henrik Asmuth, Martin Schönherr, Martin Geier, and Stefan Ivanell
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-181,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-181, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 2 comments)
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20 Oct 2025
A multi-fidelity model benchmark for wake steering of a large turbine in a neutral ABL
Julia Steiner, Emily Louise Hodgson, Maarten Paul van der Laan, Leonardo Alcayaga, Mads Pedersen, Søren Juhl Andersen, Gunner Larsen, and Pierre-Elouan Réthoré
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-200,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-200, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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20 Oct 2025
Power Output and Downstream Wake Modifications of Floating Turbines Subjected to Ocean Motions Using a Tension-Leg Platform
Juan M. Restrepo, Matthew Norman, Stuart Slattery, Lawrence Cheung, and Yihan Liu
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-208,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-208, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 2 comments)
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20 Oct 2025
Reference Floating Wind Array Designs for Three Representative Regions
Leah H. Sirkis, Ericka Lozon, and Matthew Hall
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-209,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-209, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 3 comments)
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20 Oct 2025
Comparison of Blade Resolved and Actuator Disk Simulations of a Ducted Wind Turbine
Junior E. Tchapdieu, Brian T. Helenbrook, and Kenneth D. Visser
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-207,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-207, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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17 Oct 2025
Data assimilation of generic boundary layer flows for wind turbine applications – an LES study
Linus Wrba, Antonia Englberger, Andreas Dörnbrack, Gerard Kilroy, and Norman Wildmann
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2217–2236, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2217-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2217-2025, 2025
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17 Oct 2025
How do convective cold pools influence the atmospheric boundary layer near two wind turbines in northern Germany?
Jeffrey D. Thayer, Gerard Kilroy, and Norman Wildmann
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2237–2255, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2237-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2237-2025, 2025
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17 Oct 2025
Assessing the Accuracy of a Three-Year High-Resolution Mesoscale Wind Farm Wake Simulation with Lidar and Satellite Radar Data
Alexandros Palatos-Plexidas, Simone Gremmo, Jeroen van Beeck, Lesley De Cruz, and Wim Munters
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-202,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-202, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: final response, 2 comments)
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17 Oct 2025
Translational Dynamics of Bridled Kites: A Reduced-Order Model in the Course Reference Frame
Oriol Cayon, Vince van Deursen, and Roland Schmehl
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-205,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-205, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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17 Oct 2025
Detailed experimental investigation of the aerodynamics and blade/tower interaction of a 1.5 MW wind turbine in a downwind configuration
Helge Aagaard Madsen, Pietro Bortolotti, Athanasios Barlas, Pourya Nikoueeyan, Christopher Kelley, Claus Brian Munk Pedersen, Per Hansen, Andreas Fischer, Chris Ivanov, Jason Roadman, Jonathan W. Naughton, Kenneth Brown, Mark Iverson, and Simon Thao
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-204,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-204, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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16 Oct 2025
Validation of a finite-element model of a 5 m three-row roller wind turbine blade bearing
Matthis Graßmann, Martin Geibel, and Florian Schleich
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-203,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-203, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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15 Oct 2025
Trimming a fixed-wing airborne wind system for coordinated circular flights
Duc H. Nguyen, Mark H. Lowenberg, and Espen Oland
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-193,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-193, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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15 Oct 2025
Economic and design optimisation of a 15MW floating offshore wind platform using time-series forecasting
Craig White, Victor Benifla, and José Cândido
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-197,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-197, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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15 Oct 2025
Temperature profiling at the American WAKE ExperimeNt (AWAKEN): methodology and uncertainty quantification
Stefano Letizia, David D. Turner, Aliza Abraham, Luc Rochette, and Patrick J. Moriarty
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-198,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-198, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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15 Oct 2025
Phase-controlling the motion of floating wind turbines to reduce wake interactions
Daniel van den Berg, Daan van der Hoek, Delphine De Tavernier, Jonas Gutknecht, and Jan-Willem van Wingerden
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-201,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-201, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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15 Oct 2025
Risk Assessment Model for Offshore Wind Farm Decommissioning: Analysis of System Uncertainty, Risk Events, and Weather Delays
Emilio Macías-Amador, Lissie de la Torre-Castro, and Jonas Kaczenski
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-195,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-195, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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13 Oct 2025
Kite as a sensor: wind and state estimation in tethered flying systems
Oriol Cayon, Simon Watson, and Roland Schmehl
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2161–2188, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2161-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2161-2025, 2025
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13 Oct 2025
Scour variability across offshore wind farms (OWFs): identifying site-specific scour drivers as a step towards assessing potential impacts on the marine environment
Karen Garcia, Christian Jordan, Gregor Melling, Alexander Schendel, Mario Welzel, and Torsten Schlurmann
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2189–2216, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2189-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2189-2025, 2025
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10 Oct 2025
Alignment of Scanning Lidars in Offshore Campaigns – an Extension of the Sea Surface Levelling Method
Kira Gramitzky, Florian Jäger, Doron Callies, Tabea Hildebrand, Julie K. Lundquist, and Lukas Pauscher
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-191,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-191, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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07 Oct 2025
On the wake re-energization of the X-Rotor vertical-axis wind turbine via the vortex-generator strategy
David Bensason, Andrea Sciacchitano, and Carlos Ferreira
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2137–2159, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2137-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2137-2025, 2025
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07 Oct 2025
Multi-fidelity actuator line modelling of tandem floating offshore wind turbines
Agnese Firpo, Andrea Giuseppe Sanvito, Giacomo Persico, and Vincenzo Dossena
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-194,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-194, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 0 comments)
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06 Oct 2025
Evaluating the ability of the operational High Resolution Rapid Refresh model version 3 (HRRRv3) and version 4 (HRRRv4) to forecast wind ramp events in the US Great Plains
Laura Bianco, Reagan Mendeke, Jakob Lindblom, Irina V. Djalalova, David D. Turner, and James M. Wilczak
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2117–2136, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2117-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2117-2025, 2025
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06 Oct 2025
Low-level jets in the southern North Sea: implications for wind turbine performance using Doppler lidar observations
Pauline Haezebrouck, Elsa Dieudonné, Anton Sokolov, Hervé Delbarre, Patrick Augustin, and Marc Fourmentin
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-183,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-183, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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06 Oct 2025
Remote Diagnostics for Power Converter Faults in Wind Turbines Based on Converter Control System Data
Timo Lichtenstein, Martin Hippenstiel, and Katharina Fischer
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-186,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-186, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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05 Oct 2025
Preference and Willingness-to-pay analysis for an eco-engineering technology for floating wind turbines
Antoine Dubois, Pierre-Alexandre Mahieu, Alison Bates, Jenifer Meredith, and Franck Schoefs
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-171,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-171, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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29 Sep 2025
In situ condition monitoring of floating offshorewind turbines using kurtosis anddeep-learning-based approaches
Adrien Hirvoas, Cesar Aguilera, Matthieu Perrault, Damien Desbordes, and Romain Ribault
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2099–2115, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2099-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2099-2025, 2025
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29 Sep 2025
Investigation on the Impacts of Smart Curtailment for Bat Fatality Mitigation in Alberta
Anastasiia Sobchenko, Ian Maynard, Ryan Kilpatrick, and Keelia LaFreniere
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-164,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-164, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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29 Sep 2025
Model sensitivity across scales: a case study of simulating an offshore low-level jet
Patrick Hawbecker, William Lassman, Timothy W. Juliano, Branko Kosović, and Sue Ellen Haupt
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-162,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-162, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: final response, 2 comments)
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29 Sep 2025
Condition monitoring of wind turbine drivetrains: State-of-the-art technologies, recent trends, and future outlook
Kayacan Kestel, Xavier Chesterman, Donatella Zappalá, Simon Watson, Mingxin Li, Edward Hart, James Carroll, Yolanda Vidal, Amir R. Nejad, Shawn Sheng, Yi Guo, Matthias Stammler, Florian Wirsing, Ahmed Saleh, Nico Gregarek, Thao Baszenski, Thomas Decker, Martin Knops, Georg Jacobs, Benjamin Lehmann, Florian König, Ines Pereira, Pieter-Jan Daems, Cédric Peeters, and Jan Helsen
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-168,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-168, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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25 Sep 2025
Effect of blockage on wind turbine power and wake development
Olivier Ndindayino, Augustin Puel, and Johan Meyers
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2079–2098, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2079-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2079-2025, 2025
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25 Sep 2025
A machine learning based approach for better prediction of fatigue life of offshore wind turbine foundations using smaller datasizes
Ahmed Mujtaba, Wout Weijtjens, Negin Sadeghi, and Christof Devriendt
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-173,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-173, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: final response, 2 comments)
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25 Sep 2025
Analyzing the Impact of Aeroelastic Model Fidelity on Control-Co Design Optimization of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines
Robert Behrens de Luna, Francesco Papi, David Marten, and Christian Oliver Paschereit
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-174,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-174, 2025
Revised manuscript under review for WES (discussion: final response, 4 comments)
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23 Sep 2025
Performance of reanalysis and mesoscale models for wind resource assessment off the coast of Hawaii
Lindsay M. Sheridan, Raghavendra Krishnamurthy, Tien Manh Nguyen, Yi-Leng Chen, William I. Gustafson Jr., Ye Liu, Feng Hsiao, Rob K. Newsom, Preston Spicer, Evgueni Kassianov, Mikhail Pekour, Nicola Bodini, and Mark Severy
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-167,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-167, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: final response, 2 comments)
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17 Sep 2025
Investigation into the instantaneous centre of rotation for enhanced design of floating offshore wind turbines
Katarzyna Patryniak, Maurizio Collu, Jason Jonkman, Matthew Hall, Garrett Barter, Daniel Zalkind, and Andrea Coraddu
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2051–2077, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2051-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2051-2025, 2025
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17 Sep 2025
Improving Wind Speed Availability of a Six-Beam Doppler Lidar
Mohammadreza Manami, Guillaume Léa, Jakob Mann, Mikael Sjöholm, and Guillaume Gorju
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-165,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-165, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: final response, 2 comments)
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17 Sep 2025
The Lattice Boltzmann Method for Wind Farm Simulations: A Review
Henry Korb, Jean Bastin, Henrik Asmuth, and Stefan Ivanell
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-166,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-166, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: final response, 2 comments)
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16 Sep 2025
Comparison of three DWM-based wake models at below-rated wind speeds
Øyvind Waage Hanssen-Bauer, Paula Doubrawa, Helge Aa. Madsen, Henrik Asmuth, Jason Jonkman, Gunner C. Larsen, Stefan Ivanell, and Roy Stenbro
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-163,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-163, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: final response, 3 comments)
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15 Sep 2025
Upwind vs. downwind: loads and acoustics of a 1.5 MW wind turbine
Pietro Bortolotti, Lee Jay Fingersh, Nicholas Hamilton, Arlinda Huskey, Chris Ivanov, Mark Iverson, Jonathan Keller, Scott Lambert, Jason Roadman, Derek Slaughter, Syhoune Thao, and Consuelo Wells
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2025–2050, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2025-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2025-2025, 2025
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12 Sep 2025
Multi-task learning long short-term memory model to emulate wind turbine blade dynamics
Shubham Baisthakur and Breiffni Fitzgerald
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 1979–2004, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1979-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1979-2025, 2025
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12 Sep 2025
Output-constrained individual pitch control methods using the multiblade coordinate transformation: trading off actuation effort and blade fatigue load reduction for wind turbines
Jesse I. S. Hummel, Jens Kober, and Sebastiaan P. Mulders
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2005–2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2005-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2005-2025, 2025
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12 Sep 2025
LiDAR-enhanced Closed-Loop Active Helix Approach
Zekai Chen, Aemilius Adrianus Wilhelmus van Vondelen, and Jan-Willem van Wingerden
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-161,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-161, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: final response, 5 comments)
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11 Sep 2025
Leveraging signal processing and machine learning for automated fault detection in wind turbine drivetrains
Faras Jamil, Cédric Peeters, Timothy Verstraeten, and Jan Helsen
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 1963–1978, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1963-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1963-2025, 2025
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11 Sep 2025
Wind turbine wake detection and characterisation utilising blade loads and SCADA data: a generalised approach
Piotr Fojcik, Edward Hart, and Emil Hedevang
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 1943–1962, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1943-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1943-2025, 2025
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11 Sep 2025
Understanding organisational culture and digitalisation in the wind energy sector
Sarah Barber, Anna Maria Sempreviva, Jeffrey Clerc, and Anne Hegemann
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-159,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-159, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 2 comments)
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09 Sep 2025
Developing an atlas of rain-induced leading edge erosion for wind turbine blades in the Dutch North Sea
Marco Caboni and Gerwin van Dalum
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 1887–1906, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1887-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1887-2025, 2025
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09 Sep 2025
Lidar-assisted nonlinear output regulation of wind turbines for fatigue load reduction
Robert H. Moldenhauer and Robert Schmid
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 1907–1928, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1907-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1907-2025, 2025
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09 Sep 2025
A 3-year database of atmospheric measurements combined with associated operating parameters from a wind farm of 2 MW turbines including rotor geometry
Caroline Braud, Pascal Keravec, Ingrid Neunaber, Sandrine Aubrun, Jean-Luc Attié, Pierre Durand, Philippe Ricaud, Jean-François Georgis, Emmanuel Leclerc, Lise Mourre, and Claire Taymans
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 1929–1942, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1929-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1929-2025, 2025
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09 Sep 2025
How accurately do engineering methods capture floating wind turbine performance and wake? A multi-fidelity perspective
Stefano Cioni, Francesco Papi, Pier Francesco Melani, Alessandro Fontanella, Agnese Firpo, Andrea Giuseppe Sanvito, Giacomo Persico, Vincenzo Dossena, Sara Muggiasca, Marco Belloli, and Alessandro Bianchini
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-149,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-149, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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09 Sep 2025
Comparison of different simulation methods regarding loads, considering the Center of Wind Pressure
Marcel Bock, Daniela Moreno, Jan Friedrich, and Joachim Peinke
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-158,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-158, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: open, 1 comment)
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08 Sep 2025
Evaluating the enhanced sampling rate for turbulence measurement with a wind lidar profiler
Maxime Thiébaut, Louis Marié, Frédéric Delbos, and Florent Guinot
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 1869–1885, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1869-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1869-2025, 2025
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08 Sep 2025
The impact of far-reaching offshore cluster wakes on wind turbine fatigue loads
Arjun Anantharaman, Jörge Schneemann, Frauke Theuer, Laurent Beaudet, Valentin Bernard, Paul Deglaire, and Martin Kühn
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 1849–1867, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1849-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1849-2025, 2025
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08 Sep 2025
Validation of the near wake of a scaled X-Rotor vertical-axis wind turbine predicted by a free-wake vortex model
Adhyanth Giri Ajay, David Bensason, and Delphine De Tavernier
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 1829–1847, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1829-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1829-2025, 2025
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08 Sep 2025
Biases in preconstruction estimates of wind plant annul energy production
Rob Hammond and Eric Simley
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-127,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-127, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: final response, 2 comments)
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08 Sep 2025
Under-resolved gradients: slow wake recovery and fast turbulence decay with mesoscale Wind Farm Parameterizations
William C. Radünz, Jens H. Kasper, Richard J. A. M. Stevens, and Julie K. Lundquist
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-147,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-147, 2025
Preprint under review for WES (discussion: final response, 3 comments)
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05 Sep 2025
Gearbox Bearing Crack Growth Prognostics with Physics-Informed Machine Learning and Uncertainty Quantification
Mario De Florio, Gabriel Appleby, Jonathan Keller, Ali Eftekhari Milani, Donatella Zappalá, and Shawn Sheng
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-157,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-157, 2025
Revised manuscript accepted for WES (discussion: closed, 4 comments)
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03 Sep 2025
Backup power supply for a hydrogen-producing offshore wind turbine – a technology comparison
Linus Niklaus, Paul Rothe, Johannes Liebertseder, and Martin Doppelbauer
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 1807–1819, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1807-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1807-2025, 2025
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03 Sep 2025
Brief communication: An elliptical parameterisation of the wind direction rose
Edward Hart
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 1821–1827, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1821-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1821-2025, 2025
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01 Sep 2025
Near-wake behavior of an asymmetric wind turbine rotor
Pin Chun Yen, YuanTso Li, Fulvio Scarano, and Wei Yu
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 1775–1805, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1775-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1775-2025, 2025
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01 Sep 2025
Wind turbine gearbox operation monitoring using high-resolution distributed fiber-optic sensing
Linqing Luo, Unai Gutierrez Santiago, and Yuxin Wu
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 1763–1773, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1763-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1763-2025, 2025
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