Articles | Volume 8, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1179-2023
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1179-2023
Research article
 | 
18 Jul 2023
Research article |  | 18 Jul 2023

Modelling the impact of trapped lee waves on offshore wind farm power output

Sarah J. Ollier and Simon J. Watson

Related authors

Simulating run-to-failure SCADA time series to enhance wind turbine fault detection and prognosis
Ali Eftekhari Milani, Donatella Zappalá, Francesco Castellani, and Simon Watson
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-62,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-62, 2025
Preprint under review for WES
Short summary
Wind turbine wake dynamics subjected to atmospheric gravity waves: A measurement-driven large-eddy simulation study
Dachuan Feng and Simon Watson
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-52,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-52, 2025
Preprint under review for WES
Short summary
Impact of atmospheric turbulence on performance and loads of wind turbines: Knowledge gaps and research challenges
Branko Kosović, Sukanta Basu, Jacob Berg, Larry K. Berg, Sue E. Haupt, Xiaoli G. Larsén, Joachim Peinke, Richard J. A. M. Stevens, Paul Veers, and Simon Watson
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-42,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-42, 2025
Preprint under review for WES
Short summary
Kite as a Sensor: Wind and State Estimation in Tethered Flying Systems
Oriol Cayon, Simon Watson, and Roland Schmehl
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-182,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-182, 2025
Preprint under review for WES
Short summary
Investigating the Relationship between Simulation Parameters and Flow Variables in Simulating Atmospheric Gravity Waves for Wind Energy Applications
Mehtab Ahmed Khan, Dries Allaerts, Simon J. Watson, and Matthew J. Churchfield
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-138,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2024-138, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for WES
Short summary

Related subject area

Thematic area: Wind and the atmosphere | Topic: Wind and turbulence
Swell impacts on an offshore wind farm in stable boundary layer: wake flow and energy budget analysis
Xu Ning and Mostafa Bakhoday-Paskyabi
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 1101–1122, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1101-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1101-2025, 2025
Short summary
An analytical formulation for turbulence kinetic energy added by wind turbines based on large-eddy simulation
Ali Khanjari, Asim Feroz, and Cristina L. Archer
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 887–905, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-887-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-887-2025, 2025
Short summary
Tall wind profile validation of ERA5, NORA3, and NEWA datasets using lidar observations
Etienne Cheynet, Jan Markus Diezel, Hilde Haakenstad, Øyvind Breivik, Alfredo Peña, and Joachim Reuder
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 733–754, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-733-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-733-2025, 2025
Short summary
Flow acceleration statistics: a new paradigm for wind-driven loads, towards probabilistic turbine design
Mark Kelly
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 535–558, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-535-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-535-2025, 2025
Short summary
Three-year database of atmospheric measurements combined with associated operating parameters from a wind farm of 2MW turbines and rotor geometry
Caroline Braud, Pascal Keravec, Ingrid Neunaber, Sandrine Aubrun, Jean-Luc Attie, Pierre Durand, Philippe Ricaud, Jean-François Georgis, Emmanuel Leclerc, Lise Mourre, and Claire Taymans
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-12,https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-12, 2025
Preprint under review for WES
Short summary

Cited articles

Allaerts, D. and Meyers, J.: Boundary-layer development and gravity waves in conventionally neutral wind farms, J. Fluid Mech., 814, 95–130, https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.11, 2017a. 
Allaerts, D. and Meyers, J.: Gravity Waves and Wind-Farm Efficiency in Neutral and Stable Conditions, Bound.-Lay. Meteorol., 166, 266–269, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-017-0307-5, 2017b. 
Allaerts, D. and Meyers, J.: Sensitivity and feedback of wind-farm-induced gravity waves, J. Fluid Mech., 862, 990–1028, https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.969, 2019. 
Allaerts, D., Broucke, S. Vanden, Van Lipzig, N., and Meyers, J.: Annual impact of wind-farm gravity waves on the Belgian-Dutch offshore wind-farm cluster, J. Phys.-Conf. Ser., 1037, 72006, https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1037/7/072006, 2018. 
ANSYS Inc.: Ansys CFX-Solver Theory Guide, Release 2021 R2, Canonsburg, PA, p. 154, https://dl.cfdexperts.net/cfd_resources/Ansys_Documentation/CFX/Ansys_CFX-Solver_Theory_Guide.pdf (last access: 11 July 2023), 2021. 
Download
Short summary
This modelling study shows that topographic trapped lee waves (TLWs) modify flow behaviour and power output in offshore wind farms. We demonstrate that TLWs can substantially alter the wind speeds at individual wind turbines and effect the power output of the turbine and whole wind farm. The impact on wind speeds and power is dependent on which part of the TLW wave cycle interacts with the wind turbines and wind farm. Positive and negative impacts of TLWs on power output are observed.
Share
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint