Articles | Volume 8, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1625-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1625-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
27 Oct 2023
Research article |
| 27 Oct 2023
| 27 Oct 2023
Forced-motion simulations of vortex-induced vibrations of wind turbine blades – a study of sensitivities
Department of Wind and Energy Systems, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
Felix Houtin-Mongrolle
Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy, Prinses Beatrixlaan 800, 2595BN The Hague, the Netherlands
Niels Nørmark Sørensen
Department of Wind and Energy Systems, Technical University of Denmark, Risø Campus, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
Georg Raimund Pirrung
Department of Wind and Energy Systems, Technical University of Denmark, Risø Campus, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
Pim Jacobs
Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy, Prinses Beatrixlaan 800, 2595BN The Hague, the Netherlands
Aqeel Ahmed
Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy, 685 Avenue de l'Université, Saint-Étienne-du-Rouvray, 76801, France
Bastien Duboc
Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy, 685 Avenue de l'Université, Saint-Étienne-du-Rouvray, 76801, France
Related authors
Koen Boorsma, Gerard Schepers, Helge Aagard Madsen, Georg Pirrung, Niels Sørensen, Galih Bangga, Manfred Imiela, Christian Grinderslev, Alexander Meyer Forsting, Wen Zhong Shen, Alessandro Croce, Stefano Cacciola, Alois Peter Schaffarczyk, Brandon Lobo, Frederic Blondel, Philippe Gilbert, Ronan Boisard, Leo Höning, Luca Greco, Claudio Testa, Emmanuel Branlard, Jason Jonkman, and Ganesh Vijayakumar
Wind Energ. Sci., 8, 211–230, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-211-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-211-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Within the framework of the fourth phase of the International Energy Agency's (IEA) Wind Task 29, a large comparison exercise between measurements and aeroelastic simulations has been carried out. Results were obtained from more than 19 simulation tools of various fidelity, originating from 12 institutes and compared to state-of-the-art field measurements. The result is a unique insight into the current status and accuracy of rotor aerodynamic modeling.
Christian Grinderslev, Niels Nørmark Sørensen, Georg Raimund Pirrung, and Sergio González Horcas
Wind Energ. Sci., 7, 2201–2213, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-2201-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-2201-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
As wind turbines increase in size, the risk of flow-induced instabilities increases. This study investigates the phenomenon of vortex-induced vibrations (VIVs) on a large 10 MW wind turbine blade using two high-fidelity methods. It is found that VIVs can occur with multiple equilibrium states for the same flow case, showing an dependence on the initial conditions. This means that a blade which is stable in a flow can become unstable if, e.g., a turbine operation provokes an initial vibration.
Christian Grinderslev, Niels Nørmark Sørensen, Sergio González Horcas, Niels Troldborg, and Frederik Zahle
Wind Energ. Sci., 6, 627–643, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-6-627-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-6-627-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates aero-elasticity of wind turbines present in the turbulent and chaotic wind flow of the lower atmosphere, using fluid–structure interaction simulations. This method combines structural response computations with high-fidelity modeling of the turbulent wind flow, using a novel turbulence model which combines the capabilities of large-eddy simulations for atmospheric flows with improved delayed detached eddy simulations for the separated flow near the rotor.
Ang Li, Mac Gaunaa, Georg Raimund Pirrung, and Kenneth Lønbæk
Wind Energ. Sci., 10, 2299–2349, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2299-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2299-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study improves the analysis of curved wind turbine blades, such as those with sweep or prebend. Existing methods often blend different effects on blade performance, making design optimization challenging. We developed a framework that disentangles these effects, providing clearer insights. Our findings show that the aerodynamic influences of sweep and prebend can be modeled separately and combined, simplifying modeling processes and supporting more efficient blade design.
Ang Li, Mac Gaunaa, and Georg Raimund Pirrung
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-109, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-109, 2025
Revised manuscript accepted for WES
Short summary
Short summary
Wind turbines with swept blades have the potential to improve power production and reduce loads, but their actual benefits are uncertain and they are difficult to analyze. We developed a simplified yet accurate aerodynamic model, coupling two engineering models, to predict their performance. Tests against high-fidelity simulations show that the method offers reliable results with low computational effort, making it ideal for load calculations and design optimization of swept blades.
Ricardo Amaral, Felix Houtin-Mongrolle, Dominic von Terzi, Kasper Laugesen, Paul Deglaire, and Axelle Viré
Wind Energ. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-34, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2025-34, 2025
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
This work uses simulations to investigate floating offshore wind turbines which have the potential to supply the world's electricity demand many times by 2040. In particular, the effect of the rotor motion on the wake was investigated by forcing the turbine to move under different motions and the results highlight differences between motions. While some motions led to a wake behavior that was close to that of a fixed-bottom turbine, other motions produced a remarkably different wake structure.
Etienne Muller, Simone Gremmo, Félix Houtin-Mongrolle, Bastien Duboc, and Pierre Bénard
Wind Energ. Sci., 9, 25–48, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-25-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-9-25-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This article presents an advanced tool designed for the high-fidelity and high-performance simulation of operating wind turbines, allowing for instance the computation of a blade deformation, as well as of the surrounding airflow. As this tool relies on coupling two existing codes, the coupling strategy is first described in depth. The article then compares the code results to field data for validation.
Stefano Cioni, Francesco Papi, Leonardo Pagamonci, Alessandro Bianchini, Néstor Ramos-García, Georg Pirrung, Rémi Corniglion, Anaïs Lovera, Josean Galván, Ronan Boisard, Alessandro Fontanella, Paolo Schito, Alberto Zasso, Marco Belloli, Andrea Sanvito, Giacomo Persico, Lijun Zhang, Ye Li, Yarong Zhou, Simone Mancini, Koen Boorsma, Ricardo Amaral, Axelle Viré, Christian W. Schulz, Stefan Netzband, Rodrigo Soto-Valle, David Marten, Raquel Martín-San-Román, Pau Trubat, Climent Molins, Roger Bergua, Emmanuel Branlard, Jason Jonkman, and Amy Robertson
Wind Energ. Sci., 8, 1659–1691, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1659-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-1659-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Simulations of different fidelities made by the participants of the OC6 project Phase III are compared to wind tunnel wake measurements on a floating wind turbine. Results in the near wake confirm that simulations and experiments tend to diverge from the expected linearized quasi-steady behavior when the reduced frequency exceeds 0.5. In the far wake, the impact of platform motion is overestimated by simulations and even seems to be oriented to the generation of a wake less prone to dissipation.
Maarten Paul van der Laan, Oscar García-Santiago, Mark Kelly, Alexander Meyer Forsting, Camille Dubreuil-Boisclair, Knut Sponheim Seim, Marc Imberger, Alfredo Peña, Niels Nørmark Sørensen, and Pierre-Elouan Réthoré
Wind Energ. Sci., 8, 819–848, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-819-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-819-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Offshore wind farms are more commonly installed in wind farm clusters, where wind farm interaction can lead to energy losses. In this work, an efficient numerical method is presented that can be used to estimate these energy losses. The novel method is verified with higher-fidelity numerical models and validated with measurements of an existing wind farm cluster.
Roger Bergua, Amy Robertson, Jason Jonkman, Emmanuel Branlard, Alessandro Fontanella, Marco Belloli, Paolo Schito, Alberto Zasso, Giacomo Persico, Andrea Sanvito, Ervin Amet, Cédric Brun, Guillén Campaña-Alonso, Raquel Martín-San-Román, Ruolin Cai, Jifeng Cai, Quan Qian, Wen Maoshi, Alec Beardsell, Georg Pirrung, Néstor Ramos-García, Wei Shi, Jie Fu, Rémi Corniglion, Anaïs Lovera, Josean Galván, Tor Anders Nygaard, Carlos Renan dos Santos, Philippe Gilbert, Pierre-Antoine Joulin, Frédéric Blondel, Eelco Frickel, Peng Chen, Zhiqiang Hu, Ronan Boisard, Kutay Yilmazlar, Alessandro Croce, Violette Harnois, Lijun Zhang, Ye Li, Ander Aristondo, Iñigo Mendikoa Alonso, Simone Mancini, Koen Boorsma, Feike Savenije, David Marten, Rodrigo Soto-Valle, Christian W. Schulz, Stefan Netzband, Alessandro Bianchini, Francesco Papi, Stefano Cioni, Pau Trubat, Daniel Alarcon, Climent Molins, Marion Cormier, Konstantin Brüker, Thorsten Lutz, Qing Xiao, Zhongsheng Deng, Florence Haudin, and Akhilesh Goveas
Wind Energ. Sci., 8, 465–485, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-465-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-465-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This work examines if the motion experienced by an offshore floating wind turbine can significantly affect the rotor performance. It was observed that the system motion results in variations in the load, but these variations are not critical, and the current simulation tools capture the physics properly. Interestingly, variations in the rotor speed or the blade pitch angle can have a larger impact than the system motion itself.
Brandon Arthur Lobo, Özge Sinem Özçakmak, Helge Aagaard Madsen, Alois Peter Schaffarczyk, Michael Breuer, and Niels N. Sørensen
Wind Energ. Sci., 8, 303–326, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-303-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-303-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Results from the DAN-AERO and aerodynamic glove projects provide significant findings. The effects of inflow turbulence on transition and wind turbine blades are compared to computational fluid dynamic simulations. It is found that the transition scenario changes even over a single revolution. The importance of a suitable choice of amplification factor is evident from the simulations. An agreement between the power spectral density plots from the experiment and large-eddy simulations is seen.
Koen Boorsma, Gerard Schepers, Helge Aagard Madsen, Georg Pirrung, Niels Sørensen, Galih Bangga, Manfred Imiela, Christian Grinderslev, Alexander Meyer Forsting, Wen Zhong Shen, Alessandro Croce, Stefano Cacciola, Alois Peter Schaffarczyk, Brandon Lobo, Frederic Blondel, Philippe Gilbert, Ronan Boisard, Leo Höning, Luca Greco, Claudio Testa, Emmanuel Branlard, Jason Jonkman, and Ganesh Vijayakumar
Wind Energ. Sci., 8, 211–230, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-211-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-211-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Within the framework of the fourth phase of the International Energy Agency's (IEA) Wind Task 29, a large comparison exercise between measurements and aeroelastic simulations has been carried out. Results were obtained from more than 19 simulation tools of various fidelity, originating from 12 institutes and compared to state-of-the-art field measurements. The result is a unique insight into the current status and accuracy of rotor aerodynamic modeling.
Christian Grinderslev, Niels Nørmark Sørensen, Georg Raimund Pirrung, and Sergio González Horcas
Wind Energ. Sci., 7, 2201–2213, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-2201-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-2201-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
As wind turbines increase in size, the risk of flow-induced instabilities increases. This study investigates the phenomenon of vortex-induced vibrations (VIVs) on a large 10 MW wind turbine blade using two high-fidelity methods. It is found that VIVs can occur with multiple equilibrium states for the same flow case, showing an dependence on the initial conditions. This means that a blade which is stable in a flow can become unstable if, e.g., a turbine operation provokes an initial vibration.
Thanasis Barlas, Georg Raimund Pirrung, Néstor Ramos-García, Sergio González Horcas, Ang Li, and Helge Aagaard Madsen
Wind Energ. Sci., 7, 1957–1973, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-1957-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-1957-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
An aeroelastically optimized curved wind turbine blade tip is designed, manufactured, and tested on a novel outdoor rotating rig facility at the Risø campus of the Technical University of Denmark. Detailed aerodynamic measurements for various atmospheric conditions and results are compared to a series of in-house aeroelastic tools with a range of fidelities in aerodynamic modeling. The comparison highlights details in the ability of the codes to predict the performance of such a curved tip.
Mads H. Aa. Madsen, Frederik Zahle, Sergio González Horcas, Thanasis K. Barlas, and Niels N. Sørensen
Wind Energ. Sci., 7, 1471–1501, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-1471-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-1471-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This work presents a shape optimization framework based on computational fluid dynamics. The design framework is used to optimize wind turbine blade tips for maximum power increase while avoiding that extra loading is incurred. The final results are shown to align well with related literature. The resulting tip shape could be mounted on already installed wind turbines as a sleeve-like solution or be conceived as part of a modular blade with tips designed for site-specific conditions.
Ang Li, Mac Gaunaa, Georg Raimund Pirrung, Alexander Meyer Forsting, and Sergio González Horcas
Wind Energ. Sci., 7, 1341–1365, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-1341-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-1341-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A consistent method of using two-dimensional airfoil data when using generalized lifting-line methods for the aerodynamic load calculation of non-planar horizontal-axis wind turbines is described. The important conclusions from the unsteady two-dimensional airfoil aerodynamics are highlighted. The impact of using a simplified approach instead of using the full model on the prediction of the aerodynamic performance of non-planar rotors is shown numerically for different aerodynamic models.
Ang Li, Georg Raimund Pirrung, Mac Gaunaa, Helge Aagaard Madsen, and Sergio González Horcas
Wind Energ. Sci., 7, 129–160, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-129-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-129-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
An engineering aerodynamic model for the swept horizontal-axis wind turbine blades is proposed. It uses a combination of analytical results and engineering approximations. The performance of the model is comparable with heavier high-fidelity models but has similarly low computational cost as currently used low-fidelity models. The model could be used for an efficient and accurate load calculation of swept wind turbine blades and could eventually be integrated in a design optimization framework.
Ang Li, Mac Gaunaa, Georg Raimund Pirrung, and Sergio González Horcas
Wind Energ. Sci., 7, 75–104, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-75-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-75-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
An engineering aerodynamic model for non-planar horizontal-axis wind turbines is proposed. The performance of the model is comparable with high-fidelity models but has similarly low computational cost as currently used low-fidelity models, which do not have the capability to model non-planar rotors. The developed model could be used for an efficient and accurate load calculation of non-planar wind turbines and eventually be integrated in a design optimization framework.
Thanasis Barlas, Georg Raimund Pirrung, Néstor Ramos-García, Sergio González Horcas, Robert Flemming Mikkelsen, Anders Smærup Olsen, and Mac Gaunaa
Wind Energ. Sci., 6, 1311–1324, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-6-1311-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-6-1311-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Curved blade tips can potentially have a significant impact on wind turbine performance and loads. A swept tip shape optimized for wind turbine applications is tested in a wind tunnel. A range of numerical aerodynamic simulation tools with various levels of fidelity are compared. We show that all numerical tools except for the simplest blade element momentum based are in good agreement with the measurements, suggesting the required level of model fidelity necessary for the design of such tips.
Thales Fava, Mikaela Lokatt, Niels Sørensen, Frederik Zahle, Ardeshir Hanifi, and Dan Henningson
Wind Energ. Sci., 6, 715–736, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-6-715-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-6-715-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This work develops a simplified framework to predict transition to turbulence on wind-turbine blades. The model is based on the boundary-layer and parabolized stability equations, including rotation and three-dimensionality effects. We show that these effects may promote transition through highly oblique Tollmien–Schlichting (TS) or crossflow modes at low radii, and they should be considered for a correct transition prediction. At high radii, transition tends to occur through 2D TS modes.
Christian Grinderslev, Niels Nørmark Sørensen, Sergio González Horcas, Niels Troldborg, and Frederik Zahle
Wind Energ. Sci., 6, 627–643, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-6-627-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-6-627-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates aero-elasticity of wind turbines present in the turbulent and chaotic wind flow of the lower atmosphere, using fluid–structure interaction simulations. This method combines structural response computations with high-fidelity modeling of the turbulent wind flow, using a novel turbulence model which combines the capabilities of large-eddy simulations for atmospheric flows with improved delayed detached eddy simulations for the separated flow near the rotor.
Thanasis Barlas, Néstor Ramos-García, Georg Raimund Pirrung, and Sergio González Horcas
Wind Energ. Sci., 6, 491–504, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-6-491-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-6-491-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A method to design advanced tip extensions for modern wind turbine blades is presented in this work. The resulting design concept has high potential in terms of actual implementation in a real rotor upscaling with a potential business case in reducing the cost of energy produced by future large wind turbine rotors.
Özge Sinem Özçakmak, Helge Aagaard Madsen, Niels Nørmark Sørensen, and Jens Nørkær Sørensen
Wind Energ. Sci., 5, 1487–1505, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-5-1487-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-5-1487-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Accurate prediction of the laminar-turbulent transition process is critical for design and prediction tools to be used in the industrial design process, particularly for the high Reynolds numbers experienced by modern wind turbines. Laminar-turbulent transition behavior of a wind turbine blade section is investigated in this study by means of field experiments and 3-D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) rotor simulations.
Cited articles
Bortolotti, P., Canet Tarrés, H., Dykes, K., Merz, K., Sethuraman, L., Verelst, D., and Zahle, F.: Systems Engineering in Wind Energy – WP2.1 Reference Wind Turbines, Tech. rep., National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1529216-iea-wind-tcp-task-systems-engineering-wind-energy-wp2-reference-wind-turbines (last access: 24 October 2023), 2019. a, b
CFX-Solver, A.: Theory guide, Release 21R2, https://dl.cfdexperts.net/cfd_resources/Ansys_Documentation/CFX/Ansys_CFX-Solver_Theory_Guide.pdf (last access: 24 October 2023), 2021. a
DTU Computing Center: DTU Computing Center resources, https://doi.org/10.48714/DTU.HPC.0001, 2021. a
Egorov, Y., Menter, F., Lechner, R., and Cokljat, D.: The scale-adaptive simulation method for unsteady turbulent flow predictions. part 2: Application to complex flows, Flow, Turbulence and Combustion, 85, 139–165, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-010-9265-4, 2010. a, b
Gritskevich, M. S., Garbaruk, A. V., Schütze, J., and Menter, F. R.: Development of DDES and IDDES formulations for the k-ω shear stress transport model, Flow, Turbulence and Combustion, 88, 431–449, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-011-9378-4, 2012. a, b
Hansen, M. H.: Aeroelastic stability analysis of wind turbines using an eigenvalue approach, Wind Energy, 7, 133–143, https://doi.org/10.1002/we.116, 2004. a, b
Heinz, J., Sørensen, N., and Zahle, F.: Fluid-structure interaction computations for geometrically resolved rotor simulations using CFD, Wind Energy, 19, 2205–2221, 2016. a
Horcas, S. G., Barlas, T., Zahle, F., and Sørensen, N.: Vortex induced vibrations of wind turbine blades: Influence of the tip geometry, Phys. Fluids, 32, 065104, https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0004005, 2020. a, b, c, d
Horcas, S. G., Madsen, M., Sørensen, N.N. Zahle, F., and Barlas, T.: Influence of the installation of a trailing edge flap on the vortex induced vibrations of a wind turbine blade, J. Wind. Eng. Ind. Aerod., 229, 105118, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2022.105118, 2022a. a, b, c
Hu, P., Sun, C., Zhu, X., and Du, Z.: Investigations on vortex-induced vibration of a wind turbine airfoil at a high angle of attack via modal analysis, J. Renew. Sustain. Ener., 13, 033306, https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0040509, 2021. a
IEA Wind Task 37: IEA-10.0-198-RWT, GitHub [code], https://github.com/IEAWindTask37/IEA-10.0-198-RWT (last access: 26 October 2023), 2023. a
Jasak, H., Weller, H., and Gosman, A.: High resolution NVD differencing scheme for arbitrarily unstructured meshes, Int. J. Numer. Meth. Fl., 31, 431–449, 1999. a
Leonard, B.: The ULTIMATE conservative difference scheme applied to unsteady one-dimensional advection, Comput. Method. Appl. M., 88, 17–74, 1991. a
Menter, F.: Zonal Two Equation Kappa–Omega Turbulence Models for Aerodynamic Flows, in: 23rd Fluid Dynamics, Plasmadynamics, and Lasers Conference, 6–9 July 1993, Orlando, FL, USA, https://doi.org/10.2514/6.1993-2906, 1993. a, b, c
Menter, F.: Stress-Blended Eddy Simulation (SBES) – A New Paradigm in Hybrid RANS-LES Modeling, in: Progress in Hybrid RANS-LES Modelling, edited by: Hoarau, Y., Peng, S.-H., Schwamborn, D., and Revell, A., 27–37, Springer International Publishing, Cham, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70031-1_3, 2018. a, b
Menter, F., Kuntz, M., and Langtry, R.: Ten Years of Industrial Experience with the SST Turbulence Model, in: Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Turbulence, Heat and Mass Transfer, Begell House Inc., West Redding, 625–632, 2003. a
Michelsen, J.: Block Structured Multigrid Solution of 2D and 3D Elliptic PDE's., Tech. rep., Technical University of Denmark, 1994. a
Paz, M.: Structural dynamics: theory and computation, Springer Science & Business Media, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94743-3, 2012. a
Placzek, A., Sigrist, J. F., and Hamdouni, A.: Numerical simulation of an oscillating cylinder in a cross-flow at low Reynolds number: Forced and free oscillations, Computers and Fluids, 38, 80–100, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2008.01.007, 2009. a
Raw, M.: Robustness of coupled algebraic multigrid for the Navier-Stokes equations, in: 34th Aerospace sciences meeting and exhibit, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, p. 297, https://doi.org/10.2514/6.1996-297, 1996. a
Riva, R., Horcas, S. G., Sørensen, N. N., Grinderslev, C., and Pirrung, G. R.: Stability analysis of vortex-induced vibrations on wind turbines, J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 2265, 042054, https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2265/4/042054, 2022. a
Shur, M. L., Spalart, P. R., Strelets, M. K., and Travin, A. K.: A hybrid RANS-LES approach with delayed-DES and wall-modelled LES capabilities, Int. J. Heat Fluid Fl., 29, 1638–1649, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2008.07.001, 2008. a
Skrzypiński, W., Gaunaa, M., Sørensen, N., Zahle, F., and Heinz, J.: Vortex-induced vibrations of a DU96-W-180 airfoil at 90∘ angle of attack, Wind Energy, 17, 1495–1514, https://doi.org/10.1002/we.1647, 2014. a
Strelets, M.: Detached eddy simulation of massively separated flows, 39th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2001-879, 2001. a
Sørensen, N.: HypGrid2D. A 2-d mesh generator, Tech. rep., Risø National Laboratory, ISBN 87-550-2368-1, https://backend.orbit.dtu.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/7750949/RIS_R_1035.pdf (last access: 24 October 2023), 1998. a
Viré, A., Derksen, A., Folkersma, M., and Sarwar, K.: Two-dimensional numerical simulations of vortex-induced vibrations for a cylinder in conditions representative of wind turbine towers, Wind Energ. Sci., 5, 793–806, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-5-793-2020, 2020. a
Zahle, F.: PGL – Parametric Geometry Library, https://gitlab.windenergy.dtu.dk/frza/PGL (last access: 24 October 2023), 2022. a
Short summary
In standstill conditions wind turbines are at risk of vortex-induced vibrations (VIVs). VIVs can become large and lead to significant fatigue of the wind turbine structure over time. Thus it is important to have tools that can accurately compute this complex phenomenon. This paper studies the sensitivities to the chosen models of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations when modelling VIVs and finds that much care is needed when setting up simulations, especially for specific flow angles.
In standstill conditions wind turbines are at risk of vortex-induced vibrations (VIVs). VIVs can...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint